At the present time, efforts of many research groups around world are aimed at finding new factors triggering allergic sensitization process linked with IgE synthesis to harmless allergens. According recent data, production tissue cytokines is induced in cells by alarmins, thus, turn, eliciting pro-allergic immune response. Previously we have shown that β-alanine could be a potential alarmin ca...

Abstract Lactoferrin (LF) is known to possess anti-inflammatory activity, although its mechanisms of action are not well-understood. The present study asked whether LF affects the commitment inducible regulatory T cells (Tregs). substantially promoted Foxp3 expression by mouse activated CD4+T cells, and this activity was further enhanced TGF-β1. Interestingly, blocking TGF-β with anti–TGF-β Ab ...

The potential role of adrenergic systems in regulating Na(+) uptake in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae was investigated. Treatment with isoproterenol (a generic β-adrenergic receptor agonist) stimulated Na(+) uptake, whereas treatment with phenylephrine (an α(1)-adrenergic receptor agonist) as well as clonidine (an α(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist) significantly reduced Na(+) uptake, suggesting ...

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a normal cell differentiation event during development and contributes pathologically to carcinoma and fibrosis progression. EMT often associates with increased transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, and TGF-β drives EMT, in part through Smad-mediated reprogramming of gene expression. TGF-β also activates the Erk MAPK pathway through recruitme...

Stress can trigger the relapse of drug use in recovering cocaine addicts and reinstatement in rodent models through mechanisms that may involve norepinephrine release and β-adrenergic receptor activation. The present study examined the role of β-adrenergic receptor subtypes in the stressor-induced reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-induced (15 mg/kg i.p.) conditioned place preference in mice...

β-adrenergic receptor blockade has been demonstrated to benefit individuals with autism. Genetic studies have identified numerous factors linking β-adrenergic receptor blockade to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including βadrenergic receptor variants, human leukocyte antigen genes, apoptotics factor caspase-3, glycogen synthetase kinase-3β, and the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleo...

Susceptibility to photoimmune suppression and photocarcinogenesis is greater in male than female humans mice exacerbated estrogen receptor-beta knockout (ER-β−/−) mice. We previously reported that the active vitamin D hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D), applied topically protects against ultraviolet radiation (UV) induction of cutaneous cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) contact h...