Critical illness is characterised by a significant redix imbalance, which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Although in the last few years there have been important developments in supportive techniques for use in intensive care units (ICUs) around the world, sepsis-related organ dysfunction remain...

NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) plays a significant role in inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation, apoptosis and malignancy. ROS (reactive oxygen species) are among the most important regulating factors of NF-κB. Intracellular ROS are mainly regulated by an endogenous antioxidant defence system. Any disruption of redox balance leads to oxidative stress, which causes a number of pathological cond...

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has been shown to induce transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-mediated neurogenic inflammation in polymicrobial sepsis. However, endogenous neural factors that modulate this event and the molecular mechanism by which this occurs remain unclear. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that whether substance P (SP) is one important neural element that impl...

Background: In the present study, we hypothesized that conditioned medium (CM) derived from mesenchymal stem cells attenuates the brain oxidative stress in sepsis induced by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Methods: This study was performed in the Department of Physiology at Tehran University of Medical Sciences from August 2018 to April 2019. Conditioned medium was collected from ...

AIMS γ-Glutamylcysteine (GGC) is a dipeptide and substrate for synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), whose health promoting properties include reducing risks of oxidative stress-related injuries and diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of GGC on GSH synthesis and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells. MAIN METHODS We assessed oxidative stress, ...

Oxidative stress has been postulated as a mechanism of organ dysfunction - and thus a potential therapeutic target - in sepsis. Lorente and colleagues report increased serum levels of malondialdehyde, a biomarker of oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation, in adults with severe sepsis, particularly in non-survivors. While survivors exhibited a decrease in serum malondialdehyde over time, th...

Stem cell survival after transplantation determines the efficiency of stem cell treatment, which develops as a novel potential therapy for several central nervous system (CNS) diseases in recent decades. The engrafted stem cells face the damage of oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune response at the lesion point in host. Among the damaging pathologies, oxidative stress directs stem cells ...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress with dysregulated inflammation are hallmarks of sepsis. Zinc and selenium have important antioxidant functions, such that they could be important in patients with sepsis. We used an in vitro approach to assess the effect of zinc and selenium on oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory responses in conditions mimicking sepsis and related the findings...

This study mainly studied the effect of inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in a murine acute lung injury model. The results showed that LPS exposure activated NF-κB and its upstream proteins and caused lung inflammation, oxidative stress, a...