Application-layer overlay networks have been proposed as an alternative method to overcome IP-layer path anomalies and provide users with improved routing services. Running at the application layer, overlay networks usually rely on probing mechanisms for IP-path performance monitoring and failure detection. Their service performance is jointly determined by their topology, parameters of probing...

Pavement systems have significant impacts on the environment and economy due to large material consumption, energy input, and capital investment. To evaluate the sustainability of rigid pavement overlay designs, an integrated life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis model was developed to calculate the environmental impacts and costs of overlay systems resulting from material producti...

Lately, peer-to-peer overlay networks and their ability to reflect the underlying network topology have been a focus in research. The main objective has been to reduce routing path lengths, stretched by the overlay routing process. In most solutions developed, a kind of fixed infrastructure in the form of so called landmarks or excessive message exchange are necessary to guarantee good overlay ...

the aim of this study is prospecting of iron and manganese in the balvard 1:100000 sheet which is situated in sanandaj - sirjan structural zone utilizing index overlay and fuzzy logic methods in the gis. in this study, the layers for integration, alterations, geological, geophysical, geochemical and structural data based on stream sediments, airborne magnetometeric and remote sensing studies. b...

It is a widely accepted notion that the native layer of the current Internet has begun to stagnate in terms of the services offered. Consequently, overlay networks have gained attention as a viable alternative to overcome functionality limitations of the Internet. A common approach to overlay network design holds the native network inviolable, implying that the overlay has to take on all the ta...

The research community has turned to create Semantic Overlay Networks for information retrieval in large scale peer-to-peer networks. Much research work in semantic overlay protocols and searching algorithms is done and their results indicate that semantic overlay is powerful for content searching in peer-to-peer network. However, very limited work has been done in analyzing and evaluating char...

Overlay routing is an application-level routing mechanism on overlay networks. Previous researches have revealed that the overlay routing can improve user-perceived performance. However, it may also generate traffic unintended by ISPs, incurring additional monetary cost. In addition, since ISPs and end users have their own objectives respectively regarding traffic routing, overlay routing must ...

Minimizing the outage probability and maximizing throughput are two important aspects in device to device (D2D) communications, which are greatly related to each other. In this paper, first, the exact formulas of the outage probability for D2D communications underlaying or overlaying cellular network are derived which jointly experience Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh multipat...

Recently, application-layer multicast has emerged as an attempt to support group applications without the need for a network-layer multicast protocol, such as IP multicast. In application-layer multicast, applications arrange themselves as a logical overlay network and transfer data within the overlay network. In this paper, Delaunay triangulations are investigated as an overlay network topolog...

The Internet is a complex structure arising from the interconnection of numerous autonomous systems (AS), each exercising its own administrative policies to reflect the commercial agreements behind the interconnection. However, routing in service overlay networks is quite capable of violating these policies to its advantage. To prevent these violations, we see an impending drive in the current ...