This work develops a highly sensitive immunoassay sensor for use in graphene oxide sheet (GOS)-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chips. This sensing film, which is formed by chemically modifying a GOS surface, has covalent bonds that strongly interact with the bovine serum albumin (BSA), explaining why it has a higher sensitivity. This GOS film-based SPR chip has a BSA concentration detecti...

Microbial β-galactosidase enzymes are widely used as biocatalysts in industry to produce prebiotic galactooligosaccharides (GOS) from lactose. GOS mixtures are used as beneficial additives in infant formula to mimic the prebiotic effects of human milk oligosaccharides (hMOS). The structural variety in GOS mixtures is significantly lower than in hMOS. Since this structural complexity is consider...

Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are carbohydrates that are fermented by colonic microbiota. The present study examined effects of a 3-week dietary enrichment with 6 % (w/w) GOS on parameters of energy balance in forty-three male Wistar rats. GOS was tested with two doses of calcium phosphate (30 and 100 mmol/kg), known to differently affect colonic fermentation. After 17 d, isoenergetic test mea...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge (GOS-HD) as a prognostic indicator in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD Retrospective data were collected of 45 patients, with Glasgow coma scale <8, age 25±10 years, 36 men, from medical records. Later, at home visit, two measures were scored: GOS-HD (according to information from family members) and GOS LATE (1...

The objective of the present study was to determine whether β1-4 galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and Candida kefyr combined with nitrate as manipulators could suppress rumen methanogenesis without nitrate poisoning in sheep. Four rumen fistulated wethers were allocated to a 4×4 Latin square design. Nitrate (1.3 g NaNO3 kg body weight) with and without GOS and Candida kefyr were administered into...

Prebiotic oligosaccharides have the ability to generate important changes in the gut microbiota composition that may confer health benefits to the host. Reducing the impurities in prebiotic mixtures could expand their applications in food industries and improve their selectivity and prebiotic effect on the potential beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. This study aimed t...

میون‌­ها به دلیل سطح مقطع کوچک برای انجام واکنش، متداول‌­ترین تابش فضایی قابل آشکارسازی در زمین هستند. همانند سایر ذراتی که از طریق برخورد ذرات پرانرژی تولید می‌­شوند، ناپایدار و دارای طیف توزیع طول عمر این مقاله، انرژی میون با استفاده سیستم طیف‌­سنجی دیجیتال اندازه‌­گیری شده است. روش ارایه همه ماژول­ه‌ای الکترونیک هسته‌­ای آنالوگ حذف فرایند شکل­ دهی سیگنال‌­ها ثبت آن­ها صورت نرم­‌افزاری اندازه...

of past research 1) The individual and competitive adsorption of metal ions on graphene oxides (GOs) studies by experimental and DFT calculation The heavy metal ions can be accumulated in living tissues, so they must be removed from polluted water. Graphene oxides (GOs) are considered as the ideal adsorbent material because the large quantities of oxygen-containing functional groups strengthen ...

Previously we reported that valproic acid (VPA) acts in synergy with GOS to enhance cell death in human DU145 cells. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we observed that such synergistic cytotoxicity of GOS and VPA could be extended to human A375, HeLa, and PC-3 cancer cells. GOS and VPA co-treatment induced robust apoptosis as evidenced by caspase-8/-9/-3 activati...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY As a widely used traditional medicine, Galla Chinensis is rich in tannins. However, there are few detailed studies about pharmaceutical preparations of Galla Chinensis tannin extract (GTE). In the present experiments, for better application and to investigate the possibility that Galla Chinensis tannin extract can be used as an antidiarrheal drug, we prepared Galla Chine...