❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

❆❜str❛❝t ✕ ❆ss❡ss✐♥❣ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ q✉❛❧✐t2 ❛ttr✐❜✉t❡s ✭s✉❝❤ ❛s ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡✱ r❡❧✐❛❜✐❧✐t2✱ ❛♥❞ s❡❝✉r✐t2✮ ❢r♦♠ s♦✉r❝❡ ❝♦❞❡ ✐s ♦❢ t❤❡ ✉t♠♦st ✐♠♣♦rt❛♥❝❡✳ ❚❤❡ ♣❡r❢♦r♠❛♥❝❡ ♦❢ ❛ s♦❢t✇❛r❡ s2st❡♠ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ✐♠♣r♦✈❡❞ ❜2 ✐ts ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥✳ ❚❤❡ ❛✐♠ ♦❢ t❤❡ ♣❛r❛❧❧❡❧ ❛♥❞ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♦♥ ✐s t♦ s♣❡❡❞ ✉♣ ❜2 ♣r♦✈✐❞✐♥❣ t❤❡ ♠❛1✐♠✉♠ ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ ❝♦♥❝✉rr❡♥❝2 ✐♥ ❡1❡❝✉t✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❞✐str✐❜✉t❡❞ s❡❣♠❡♥ts✳ ■t ✐s ❛...

BACKGROUND The efficacies of adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for atypical meningiomas (AMs) after subtotal resection (STR) remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical, histopathological, and radiographic features associated with progression in AM patients after STR. METHODS Fifty-nine primary AMs after STR were examined for predictor...

Functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum (STR) is thought critical for cognition and has been linked to conditions like autism and schizophrenia. We recorded from multiple electrodes in PFC and STR while monkeys acquired new categories. Category learning was accompanied by an increase in beta band synchronization of LFPs between, but not within, the PFC and STR. ...

BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated that constipation and painful defecation are associated with stool toileting refusal (STR), but whether they are the result of STR or occur before this behavior is not known. OBJECTIVE To determine whether constipation and painful defecation occur as a result of STR or occur before STR. METHODS Three hundred eighty children between 17 and 19 months o...