فقر مسئله ای است که از سالیان دور وجود داشته است و علی رغم رشد اقتصادی کشورهای جهان و اجرای سیاست های گوناگون مبارزه با آن همچنان یکی از اهداف بسیار مهم سیاست گذاران اقتصادی کشورهای جهان است. بخش مالی در این زمینه به دلیل ارتباط با سایر بخش های متفاوت جامعه، نقش مهمی ایفا می کند و از راه هایی مانند تسهیل مبادلات، اعطای اعتبارات، کاهش ریسک و ارایه سایر خدمات مالی می تواند فقر را تغییر دهد. با عل...

introduction there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the iran annual precipitation. this is resulted from spatial behavior of precipitation in the one hand and variation in the sources of precipitation on the other. the lack of adequate distribution of meteorological stations and the unavailability of long-term statistics of precipitation makes the analysis of precipita...

precipitation plays an important role in the global energy and water cycle. special interest in long-term precipitation analyses arises from the need to assess climate change and its impacts on all spatial scales. based on this demand national and international organization initiated and support many research and monitoring programs. there are a lot of centers developing gridded precipitation d...

The number of global precipitation datasets (PPs) is on the rise and they are commonly used for hydrological applications. A comprehensive evaluation their performance in modeling required to improve performance. This study comprehensively evaluates eight widely PPs by comparing with gauge-observed a large catchments. These include Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), Climate Hazards...

The fidelity of gridded rainfall datasets is important for the characterization features across globe. This study investigates climatology, interannual variability, and spatial-temporal variations seasonal over Thailand during 1970–2007 period using station data obtained from Thai Meteorological Department (TMDstn). In addition, performance three datasets, namely APHRODITE, CRU, GPCC, in reprod...