testosterone is believed to play a significant role in spermatogenesis, but its contribution to the process of spermatogenesis is not completely understood. given that extracellular matrix (ecm) facilitates differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) during culture, the present study was conducted to elucidate whether testosterone contribute to the permissive effect of ecm on sscs diffe...

New trends and the effect of key factors influence the quality of the holes produced by ECM processes. Researchers developed a fuzzy logic controller by adding intelligence to the ECM process. Maintaining optimum ECM process conditions ensures higher machining efficiency and performance. This paper presents the development of a fuzzy logic controller to add intelligence to the ECM process. An e...

We present JKL-ECM, an implementation of the elliptic curve method of integer factorization which uses certain twisted Hessian curves in a family studied by Jeon, Kim and Lee. This implementation takes advantage of torsion subgroup injection for families of elliptic curves over a quartic number field, in addition to the ‘small parameter’ speedup. We produced thousands of curves with torsion Z/6...

This paper reports record-setting performance for the ellipticcurve method of integer factorization: for example, 604.99 curves/second for ECM stage 1 with B1 = 8192 for 280-bit integers on a single PC. The state-of-the-art GMP-ECM software handles 171.42 curves/second for ECM stage 1 with B1 = 8192 for 280-bit integers using all four cores of a 2.4GHz Core 2 Quad Q6600. The extra speed takes a...

18.1 Context of the ECM ...................................................... 461 18.1.1 ECM – What’s in a Name? ............................................. 462 18.1.2 Old and New ECMs ........................................................ 462 18.1.3 Biophysical Considerations ............................................. 462 18.1.4 Jelly Bombs ................................................

This paper introduces EECM-MPFQ, a fast implementation of the elliptic-curve method of factoring integers. EECM-MPFQ uses fewer modular multiplications than the well-known GMP-ECM software, takes less time than GMP-ECM, and finds more primes than GMP-ECM. The main improvements above the modular-arithmetic level are as follows: (1) use Edwards curves instead of Montgomery curves; (2) use extende...