SARA, an early endosomal protein, plays a key role in TGFβ signalling, as it presents SMAD2 and SMAD3 for phosphorylation by the activated TGFβ receptors. Here, we show that ERBIN is a new SARA-interacting protein that can be recruited by SARA to early endosomes. ERBIN was recently shown to bind and segregate phosphorylated SMAD2 and SMAD3 (SMAD2/3) in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting SMAD2/3-...

fmtA encodes a low-affinity penicillin binding protein in Staphylococcus aureus. It is part of the core cell wall stimulon and is involved in methicillin resistance in S. aureus. Here, we report that the transcription factor, SarA, a pleiotropic regulator of virulence genes in S. aureus, regulates the expression of fmtA. In vitro binding studies with purified SarA revealed that it binds to spec...

Evaluation of the radio-transmission pH-measurement system for monitoring the ruminal pH and subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle is described. This is done in order to reveal the possible application of this system for detection and pathophysiological research of SARA by continuous ruminal pH measurement. The possibility of using this system for assessment of the ruminal pH in SARA cattl...

In most Staphylococcus aureus strains, inactivation of sarA increases hla transcription, indicating that sarA is a repressor. However, in S. aureus NCTC 8325 and its derivatives, used for most studies of hla regulation, inactivation of sarA resulted in decreased hla transcription. The disparate phenotype of strain NCTC 8325 seems to be associated with its rsbU mutation, which leads to B deficie...

Mutation of sarA resulted in a reduced capacity to form a biofilm in six of the eight Staphylococcus aureus strains we tested (UAMS-1, UAMS-601, SA113, SC-01, S6C, and DB). The exceptions were Newman, which formed a poor biofilm under all conditions, and RN6390, which consistently formed a biofilm only after mutation of agr. Mutation of agr in other strains had little impact on biofilm formatio...

subacute ruminal acidosis (sara) represents one of the most important metabolic subclinical disordersof high producing dairy cows, having serious impact in both animal health and herd profitability. the aim ofthis study was to confirm the presence of sara in greek dairy herds and record its prevalence and riskfactors. ruminal fluid samples, via rumenocentesis, were obtained from a total of 153 ...

Mutation of sarA in Staphylococcus aureus results in a reduced capacity to form a biofilm, but the mechanistic basis for this remains unknown. Previous transcriptional profiling experiments identified a number of genes that are differentially expressed both in a biofilm and in a sarA mutant. This included genes involved in acid tolerance and the production of nucleolytic and proteolytic exoenzy...

We recently demonstrated that mutation of sarA in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus results in a phenotype that is distinct by comparison to sarA mutants generated in the laboratory strain RN6390 (J. S. Blevins, K. E. Beenken, M. O. Elasri, B. K. Hurlburt, and M. S. Smeltzer, Infect. Immun. 70:470-480, 2002). This raises the possibility that studies demonstrating that RN6390 sarA mutan...

Emerging evidence suggests that endocytic trafficking of adhesion proteins plays a crucial role in neuronal migration during neocortical development. However, molecular insights into these processes remain elusive. Here, we study the early endosomal protein Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) in the developing mouse brain. SARA is enriched at the apical endfeet of radial glia of the neoc...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and usefulness of the Korean version of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (K-SARA) in ataxic stroke patients. METHODS The original SARA was translated into Korean, back translated to English, and compared to the original version. Stroke patients (n=60) with ataxia were evaluated using the K-SARA by one physia...