Objective(s): Iranian crack (IC) is a heroin-based substance manifesting various pathologic side effects. Herein, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of IC-induced liver injuries in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control, and IC (0.9 mg/kg/day/IP, for 30 days). Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measur...

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nano-eugenol combined with aerobic exercise against the streptozotocin toxicity and inflammatory mediators P38-MAPK, NPY and A-Rα2A in the dorsal root ganglia of diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-five, 8-week-old Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups: 1) normal control group (normal model); 2) diabetic control group (diabet...

The extensive use of heavy metals and nanoparticles (NPs) has led to their release into the environment that might have negative impacts on both organisms and the environment. In this study, the molecular responses of wheat seedlings to silver nitrate and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were assessed by transcript accumulation analysis of genes coding for products potentially involved in heavy met...

Los módulos de señalización mediados por cinasas proteína activadas mitógenos o MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, sus siglas en inglés), participan la transducción distintos tipos señales mediante fosforilación diversos sustratos como las enzimas, componentes estructurales, factores transcripcionales e incluso otras cinasas. Estos están conformados miembros tres familias proteinas difere...

Ziel/Aim Restoration of iodine incorporation (redifferentiation) was achieved in previously radioiodine-refractory, unresectable thyroid carcinoma by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition. However, redifferentiation unsatisfactory BRAFV600E mutated (BRAF-MUT) thus far. Here we assess safety and efficacy therapy through genotype-guided MAPK-modulation patients with BRAF-MUT or wild ...

Introduction Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis. However, the and molecular mechanisms of circRNA leucine-rich repeat immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 3 (circ_LRIG3) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been investigated. Material methods The expression levels circ_LRIG3, miR-223-3p, mitogen-activated kinase 6 (MAP2K6) were de...

objective(s):hypoxia induces cellular oxidative stress that is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. here, the protective effects of ferulic acid (fa) on hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity in pc12 cells were evaluated. materials and methods:we investigated the effect of fa on pc12 cells subjected to hypoxia stress, in vitro. results:fa increased cell viability, prevented membrane damage (ldh r...

Increasing evidence suggests that exosomes are involved in retinal cell degeneration, including their insufficient release; hence, they have become important indicators of retinopathies. The exosomal microRNA (miRNA), particular, play roles regulating ocular and functions, photoreceptor maturation, maintenance, visual function. Here, we generated organoids (ROs) from human induced pluripotent s...

Oxymatrine, a potent monosomic alkaloid extracted from Chinese herb Sophora japonica (Sophora flavescens Ait.). possesses anti-inflammatory activittyes.  This study was designed to investigate the effects of oxymatrine on nuclear factor–kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia. In this paper, BV2...