conclusions the prevalence of msds among the nurses was high, and the occurrence of such disorders was found to be related to the scores of mapo and ptai indices. based on the results, these two indices can be used as appropriate tools to assess the risk of msds in patient handling by nursing staff. the risk of developing msds can be lowered through interventional programs, such as providing an...

Juha Javanainen,1 Janne Ruostekoski,2 Yi Li,1 and Sung-Mi Yoo3,4,1 1Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA 2Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom 3Department of Liberal Arts, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, South Korea 4School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Adva...

a School of Business Administration, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, South Korea b Graduate School of MOT, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, South Korea c Dept. of Information and Industrial Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea d Division of Business Administration, Hansung University, 116 S...

Knock research is an essential study because knock limits spark-ignition (SI) engine power output, durability, noise, fuel consumption, and emission performance. The thermal efficiency of can be improved by increasing the compression ratio, but at same time it leads to possibility end gas autoignition inside chamber. objective this work was show effect three different ratios (CRs) 8.5, 9.5, 10....