OBJECTIVE THE AIM WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF ER, CR: YSGG laser and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on surface micro-hardness of primary tooth enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 freshly extracted caries free primary anterior teeth were cleaned and stored in 1% thymol. Teeth were embedded in acrylic resin such that only their buccal surfaces were exposed...

We introduce a model for the kinetics of grating formation during holographic recording in optically excitable two-state systems. An unexpected characteristic time dependence of the diffraction efficiency is found. We show that it originates from a nonlinear transformation of the light interference pattern into a refractive-index profile. Our findings strongly resemble and explain by nature the...

Background: Acne scar is the most common complication in acne that occurs about 49% of individuals. Fractional resurfacing lasers such as CO2 laser and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) have been widely used for treatment give satisfying results complications pain, hyperpigmentation, infection, prolonged erythema, scarring. erbium: scandium gallium YSGG) solves previous techniques'...

Citation: Inada R, Yasuda S, Tojo M, Tsuritani K, Tojo T and Sakurai Y (2016) Development of LithiumStuffed Garnet-Type Oxide Solid Electrolytes with High Ionic Conductivity for Application to All-Solid-State Batteries. Front. Energy Res. 4:28. doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2016.00028 Development of lithium-stuffed garnet-Type Oxide solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity for application to all-so...

A scandium terephthalate with isolated ScO6 octahedra and fully-linked carboxylate groups is prepared hydrothermally and possesses a novel hybrid framework structure with high thermal stability and a pore volume for N2 adsorption of 0.26 cm(3) g(-1) at 77 K.

Mantle-derived garnet peridotites are a minor component in many very high-pressure metamorphic terranes that formed during continental subduction and collision. Some of these mantle rocks contain trace amounts of zircon and micrometer-sized inclusions. The constituent minerals exhibit pre- and postsubduction microstructures, including polymorphic transformation and mineral exsolution. Experimen...

introduction: providing desirable smile is one of the main concerns in cosmetic dentistry. hyperpigmentation is one of the esthetic concerns especially in gummy smile patients. lasers with different wavelength are used for oral surgery including carbon dioxide laser (co2), neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (nd:yag), erbium family and diode laser. in this case, all esthetic procedures inc...

Seismic tomography reveals garnet-rich crust and mantle lithosphere descending into the upper mantle beneath the southeastern Sierra Nevada. The descending lithosphere consists of two layers: an iron-rich eclogite above a magnesium-rich garnet peridotite. These results place descending eclogite above and east of high P wave speed material previously imaged beneath the southern Great Valley, sug...

introduction: controversial results have been reported when organic acids, ultrasonic instruments and laser techniques were used to remove smear layer in endodontic treatments. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of removing debris and smear layer by er,cr:ysgg laser irradiation on the apical leakage of retrograde cavities. materials and methods: in this ex vivo study, 24 extracted...