The major pathway for cytosolic constituents to enter lysosomes is by autophagy. We used two cytosolic proteins, CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII), as autophagic markers in male rat hepatocytes. We took advantage of the differential presence of the two proteins in autophagic vacuoles because of the high resistance of SOD to lysosomal degradation as compared with...

BACKGROUND Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), chemically related compounds, are probes for genetic variation in bitter taste, although PROP is safer with less sulfurous odor. Threshold for PROP distinguishes nontasters (increased threshold) from tasters (lower threshold); perceived intensity subdivides tasters into medium tasters (PROP is bitter) and supertasters (PROP i...

Cognitive models have suggested that auditory hallucinations occur when internal mental events, such as inner speech or auditory verbal imagery (AVI), are misattributed to an external source. This has been supported by numerous studies indicating that individuals who experience hallucinations tend to perform in a biased manner on tasks that require them to distinguish self-generated from non-se...

Kam-yiu Lam, Edward Chan and Joe Chun-Hung Yuen Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong Fax: 852-2788-8614 Email: {cskylam|csedchan|csjyuen}@cityu.edu.hk Abstract. Although data broadcast has been shown to be an efficient data dissemination technique for mobile computing systems, many issues such as selection of broadcast data and cachin...

With twenty-five G-protein-coupled TAS2R receptors bitterness is the most complex taste sensation in terms of signal transduction. The objective of this sensory study was to investigate the effect of hTAS2R38 bitter receptor gene genotypes on intensity of bitterness of different N-C=S containing compounds. In addition, we studied the bitterness of vegetables that produce glucosinolates, which a...

Arterial stiffness is widely used in assessing arteriosclerosis in the background of increased cardiovascular events. Arteriosclerosis also causes reduction in exercise capacity, which is a most important prognostic factor in patients with cardiovascular disease; however, data on the association between arterial stiffness and exercise capacity are limited. Therefore, a simple and noninvasive me...

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO) inhibit targeted gene expression by preventing ribosomal assembly, thereby preventing mRNA translation. AVI-4126, a PMO targeted against c-MYC, has been extensively characterized in multiple cancer and other disease models and is currently in human clinical trials. A phase I clinical study was conducted to address the issue of PMO bioavailability in...