The USEPA has estimated that over 20,000 water bodies within the United States do not meet water quality standards. One of the regulations in the Clean Water Act of 1972 requires states to monitor the total maximum daily load, or the amount of pollution that can be carried by a water body before it is determined to be "polluted," for any watershed in the United States (Copeland, 2005). In respo...

We consider how to learn Hierarchical Task Networks (HTNs) for planning problems in which both the quality of solution plans generated by the HTNs and the speed at which those plans are found is important. We describe an integration of HTN Learning with Reinforcement Learning to both learn methods by analyzing semantic annotations on tasks and to produce estimates of the expected values of the ...

This paper investigates the effect of land use and digital elevation models spatial resolution and scale on the simulation of stream flow in two coastal watersheds located in the Mississippi Gulf Coast (USA). Four elevation datasets were used: USGS DEM, NED, NASA’s SRTM and IFSAR (300, 30, 30, and 5 meter resolution, respectively). Three land use datasets were included in this study: USGS GIRAS...

To address the regional applicability of heat-source tower heat pumps (HSTHPs), a mathematical model HSTHPs was established and experimentally verified. In different thermal zones, seasonal operation characteristics were investigated in winter summer conditions. The results showed that, heating performance factor (HSPF) value cold zone is lowest, but it can reach 2.40 winter, HSPF values hot-su...

Watershed scale hydrologic simulation models HSPF (Hydrologic Simulation Program – FORTRAN) and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) were used to model the hydrology of the 2150 square mile Iroquois River watershed (IRW) located in the east central Illinois. Both models are part of the BASINS modeling system that facilitates preand post-processing of data, as well as data input to the models u...

این پژوهش با الهام گرفتن از نتایج یک طرح مطالعاتی کاربردی، رویکرد سلسله­‌مراتبی جهت پیگیری فرایند توسعه تأمین‌کنندگان و حمایت تصمیمات موجود در هر مراحل آن ارائه‌ می‌کند. ابتدا، زمینه‌های تأمین نیازمند سپس واجد شرایط هریک زمینه‌ها به کمک تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه بهترین-بدترین مشخص می‌گردند. معیارهای شناسایی نیز مرور مطالعات پیشین بهره‌گیری نظرات خبرگان حوزه‌ی خرید استخراج‌شده‌اند. درنهایت، مدل ریاضی ...

A watershed hydrological model, hydrological simulation program-Fortran (HSPF), was applied to simulate the spatial and temporal variation of hydrological processes in the Jiaoyi watershed of Huaihe River Basin, the heaviest shortage of water resources and polluted area in China. The model was calibrated using the years 2001-2004 and validated with data from 2005 to 2006. Calibration and valida...

The accuracy of rainfall predictions in the EPA’s BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources) decision support tool is affected by the sparse meteorological data contained in BASINS. The objectives of this study were improvement of using the entropy theory to supplement the precipitation data are significant when the watershed’s meteorological station is either far...