We review the progress of research on intracluster planetary nebulae (IPN). In the past five years, hundreds of IPN candidates have been detected in the Virgo and Fornax galaxy clusters and searches are also underway in poorer galaxy groups. From the observations to date, and applying the known properties of extragalactic planetary nebulae, the intracluster light in Virgo and Fornax: 1) is sign...

The medial habenular nuclei of the zebrafish diencephalon, which lie bilateral to the pineal complex, exhibit left-right differences in their neuroanatomy, gene expression profiles and axonal projections to the unpaired midbrain target--the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). Efferents from the left habenula terminate along the entire dorsoventral extent of the IPN, whereas axons from the right habe...

BACKGROUND Despite the use of various treatment strategies arthroscopic knee surgery is still associated with clinically important postoperative pain. As the infrapatellar nerve (IPN) innervates vital anterior knee structures we decided to investigate the feasibility of a novel ultrasound-guided IPN block technique as a potential therapeutic option for out-patient arthroscopic knee surgery. M...

The morphology of interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs) composed of the temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and the pH-sensitive poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The IPN hydrogels were prepared by a sequential UV polymerization method. SEM studies were conducted on IPN hydrogel samples dried by different methods...

Increased anxiety is a prominent withdrawal symptom in abstinent smokers, yet the neuroanatomical and molecular bases underlying it are unclear. Here we show that withdrawal-induced anxiety increases activity of neurons in the interpeduncular intermediate (IPI), a subregion of the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). IPI activation during nicotine withdrawal was mediated by increased corticotropin re...

With the rapid development of photopolymerization, search for new near-UV/visible light sensitive photoinitiating system (PIS) is one most interesting topics in polymerization area. In this work, a PIS (chalcone dye/amine/iodonium salt) could efficiently and simultaneously initiate free radical photopolymerization polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) cationic (CP) 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,...

Sistema x-y-z para Perforación Automática de Circuitos Impresos Ing. Agustín Cruz Contreras, M. en C. J. Carlos González Robles (CIDETEC-IPN) Implementación de un Sistema de Control con Microcontrolador Difuso M. en C. Romeo Urbieta Parrazales, Ing. Armando Morales, Ing. Marco Antonio Ramírez S., Ing. María Elena Aguilar Jauregui, Lab. de Sistemas Digitales (C.I.C.-IPN) Dr. Adriano de Luca, Lab...

HEBERTT SIRA-RAMÍREZ CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN No. 2508, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, A.P. 14740, 7300 México, D.F., México [email protected] CARLOS AGUILAR IBÁÑEZ† and MIGUEL SUÁREZ-CASTAÑÓN Laboratorio de Metroloǵıa y Control, Centro de Investigación en Computación del IPN, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz s/n Esquina con Manuel Othon de Mendizabal, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Col. S...

Since natural blood vessels are lined with an endothelial cell (EC) monolayer, it is proposed that synthetic biomaterial surfaces be covered or seeded with endothelial cells for ideal nonthrombogenicity under normal conditions. The effects of the surface energy of hydrophilic-hydrophobic IPN on EC adhesion and growth were investigated. The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cu...