We investigated the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains in Japan. A total of 117 APEC strains collected between 2004 and 2007 were examined for PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qepA and oqxAB) by polymerase chain reaction. None of the APEC strains carried qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA o...

A total of 514 consecutive clinical Escherichia coli isolates, irrespective of resistance background, were collected in the period 2002-2008 in Wenzhou, southern China, to investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). The dominant PMQR gene was aac(6')-Ib-cr, followed by qnr, whereas qepA was absent. A total of 253 (49.2%) of these isolates were aac(6')-Ib-positive...

High quinolone resistance rates were observed among oxyiminocephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria. In the present study, we searched for the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes within the 55 oxyiminocephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria collected in a previous survey. The main PMQR determinants were aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrB, which had prevalence rates of 42.4% and 3...

at codon 102 in the “cr” variant, it does not possess the BtsC1 restriction site. Hence, the PCR amplicons were digested with BtsC1 and the fragments were visualised in agarose gel electrophoresis. Strains harbouring wild-type variants of aac(6’)‐Ib gene shows fragments of 272 bp and 210 bp on gel electrophoresis and those which harbour aac(6’)‐Ib‐cr gene shows a single undigested DNA fragment ...

Ten clinical isolates of high-level gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) Enterococcus faecium, collected from six hospitals throughout the UK, were studied to determine whether HLGR was attributed to widespread dissemination of a single plasmid or whether different plasmid types were implicated in the dissemination of this phenotype. HLGR was attributed to the presence of the AAC6'-APH2" bifunctional am...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize fluoroquinolone-resistant Shigella and determine whether the qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes could contribute to sporadic shigellosis at the clinic in the Hangzhou area of China. METHODS A total of 202 strains of Shigella (79 Shigella sonnei and 123 Shigella flexneri ) isolated from sporadic cases of shigellosis from 1998 to 2007 were analysed ...

Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains, especially the ACSSuT and nalidixic acid R types, has significantly compromised the effectiveness of current strategies to control Salmonella infections, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Clinical S. typhimurium isolates recovered in Hong Kong during the period of 2005-2011 were increasingly resistant to ciprofloxaci...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the occurrence and characteristics of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in KPC-producing (KPC-P) Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) isolates in Tel Aviv Medical Center, Israel. METHODS Forty-seven KPC-P Kpn isolates were studied. Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by Vitek 2, Etest or agar dilution. Beta-lactamases and PMQR determinants were ...

We investigated the prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in water-borne environmental bacteria and in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, as well as the subtypes of qnr. Environmental bacteria were isolated from surface water samples obtained from 10 different locations in Hangzhou City, and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii were isolated from several hospitals in four cities ...