Background: Traditionally, morphological features of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus from closely-related ticks have been considered for their identification and differentiation. However, it is difficult and requires expertise in order to accurately identify and differentiate engorged female ticks and some developmental stages such as larva and nymph from other similar ticks. Hence, molecul...

The present study evaluated the association of carbon monoxide intoxication (COI) with Parkinson disease (PD).A total of 9012 adults newly diagnosed with COI were enrolled in this study as the COI cohort. The control (non-COI) cohort, comprising 36,048 participants, was matched for each COI patient according to age, sex, and the year of hospitalization. We calculated the hazard ratios (HR) and ...

BACKGROUND Competing interests occur frequently in health care. This results in the potential for conflict of interest (COI). COI can lead to biased generation or assessment of evidence and misinform healthcare decision makers. Declaration of COI is insufficient to neutralize potentially harmful effects. Medical professional societies are obliged to develop robust mechanisms to "manage" COI, pa...

IMPORTANCE It is unclear how medical journals address authors' financial and non-financial conflict of interest (COI). OBJECTIVE To assess the policies of clinical journals for disclosure of financial and non-financial COI. METHODS Cross sectional study that included both review of public documents as well as a simulation of a manuscript submission for the National Library of Medicine's "co...

The mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 gene (COI) has been promoted as an ideal "DNA barcode" for animal species and other groups of eukaryotes. However, the utility of the COI marker for species level discrimination and for phylogenetic analyses has yet to be tested within the Rhizaria. Accordingly, we analysed mitochondrial COI gene sequences and nuclear small subunit rDNA (SSU) seque...

BACKGROUND Magnitude of current of injury (COI) consequent to pacemaker lead fixation is recognized as a predictor of acute lead stability. It is unclear whether dynamic monitoring of COI after lead fixation provides additional information beyond a single assessment performed at the time of fixation. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed to test the hypothesis that the time course of COI is related...