Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and is associated with several severe neurological complications in the Asia-Pacific region. Here, we evaluated that while passive transfer of neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nMAb) against the VP2 protein protect against lethal EV71 infection in BALB/c mice. Protective nMAb were mapped to residues ...

The surface of polyomavirus virions is composed of pentameric knobs of the major capsid protein, VP1. In previously studied polyomavirus species, such as SV40, two interior capsid proteins, VP2 and VP3, emerge from the virion to play important roles during the infectious entry process. Translation of the VP3 protein initiates at a highly conserved Met-Ala-Leu motif within the VP2 open reading f...

Nonenveloped viruses such as Simian Virus 40 (SV40) exploit established cellular pathways for internalization and transport to their site of penetration. By analyzing mutant SV40 genomes that do not express VP2 or VP3, we found that these structural proteins perform essential functions that are regulated by VP1. VP2 significantly enhanced SV40 particle association with the host cell, while VP3 ...

Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) is the etiological agent of Aleutian disease of mink. The acute disease caused by ADV consists of permissive infection of alveolar type II cells that results in interstitial pneumonitis. The permissive infection is experimentally modeled in vitro by infecting Crandell feline kidney (CrFK) cells with a tissue culture-adapted isolate of ADV, ADV-G. ADV-G VP2...

Plant viral-based expression system offers an alternative tool for the expression of various target proteins via stable transformation or transient expression in plants. In transient expression strategy, generation of in vitro viral transcripts through complete linearization of the recombinant vector containing the cloned gene is crucial to ensure the success of gene expression in plants. Hence...

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the causative agent of Gumboro disease, an infectious disease of global economic importance in poultry. The expression of heterologous proteins in P.pastoris is fast, simple and inexpensive. In this study, VP2 encoding gene of classical D78 IBDV was amplified using reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pPICZαA vector...

Mice expressing the H2b haplotype are resistant to infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), which causes chronic demyelination in susceptible mice. The prominent cytolytic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to the VP2 antigen encoded by TMEV led us to the identification of a class I-binding peptide derived from the VP2 antigen. Escherichia coli transformants overexpressing a ser...

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) monitors random movements of fluorescent molecules in solution, giving information about the number and the size of for example nano-particles. The canine parvovirus VP2 structural protein as well as N-terminal deletion mutants of VP2 (-14, -23, and -40 amino acids) were fused to the C-terminus of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The pro...

In order to overcome the limitations of conventional vaccines for infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), we constructed recombinant dual expression system baculoviruses with VP2 and VP2/4/3, the main protective antigens of IBDV. We compared the immune effects of the baculoviruses in avian cells and detected their control effects on chickens with infectious bursal disease. We used Western blot ...