Galili, Uri, "Conversion of tumors into autologous vaccines by intratumoral injection of alpha-Gal glycolipids that induce anti-Gal/ alpha-Gal epitope interaction" (2011). Anti-Gal is the most abundant antibody in humans, constituting 1% of immunoglobulins. Anti-Gal binds specifically α-gal epitopes (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R). Immunogenicity of autologous tumor associated antigens (TAA) is greatl...

Using Precise point positioning (PPP) technique can help to reach decimeters accuracy for by using one receiver only. Since it set track Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Recently BeiDou and Galileo systems have been devolved periodically increasing the number of working satellites. Addition those all-global is able receive triple frequency signals. The effect Multi constellation GNSS ...

The aim of this study was to assess the expression patterns of serum galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), galectin-9 (Gal-9), and galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) and their associations with stroke outcome in large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. The serum levels of Gal-1, Gal-3, Gal-9, and Gal-3BP were measured by ELISA in 130 patients with LAA stroke and 130 age- and sex-matched c...

A well-defined antigen/antibody system was used to evaluate the effect of immune tolerance on the spectrum of specificities of natural antibodies. The antibody used in this study, anti-Gal, is a naturally occurring, polyclonal IgG that constitutes 1% of the circulating IgG in humans. We have previously shown that anti-Gal, purified from AB sera, specifically interacts with glycosphingolipids be...

Human galectins have distinct and overlapping biological roles in immunological homeostasis. However, the underlying differences among galectins in glycan binding specificity regulating these functions are unclear. Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a tandem repeat galectin, has two distinct carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) that may cross-link cell surface counter receptors. Here we report that each Ga...

The many studies on the immune mechanisms contributing to xenograft rejection have identified two types of antibodies (Abs) that form barriers to transplantation of xenografts into humans: 1. Natural and induced anti-Gal Abs, and 2. Induced anti-non gal Abs. The formidable barrier of anti-Gal Abs seems to have been removed by the generation of 1,3galactosyltransferase (1,3GT) knockout (KO) pi...

Galectin (Gal) family members are a type of soluble lectin, and they play important roles in immunomodulation. Their redundant roles have been proposed. We previously found that Gal-1 promotes the formation of Ab-secreting plasma cells, but B cells from Gal-1-deficient and control animals produce comparable amounts of Abs. In the current study, we used synthetic sulfomodified N-acetyllactosamin...

Galectin-9 (Gal-9), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin, regulates immune responses by reducing pro-inflammatory IL-17-producing Th cells (Th17) and increasing anti-inflammatory Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) in vitro and in vivo. These functions of Gal-9 are thought to be exerted by binding to receptor molecules on the cell surface. However, Gal-9 lacks a signal peptide for secretion ...

Let G be a connected graph on n vertices. The Gallai number Gal(G) of is the size smallest set vertices that meets every maximum path in G. Grünbaum constructed with Gal(G)=3. Very recently, Long, Milans, and Munaro, proved Gal(G)≤8n3/4. This was first sub-linear upper bound terms n. We improve their to Gal(G)≤5n2/3. also tighten more general result Long et al. For multigraph M, we prove if L(M...