OBJECTIVES One of the goals of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to attenuate HIV-induced systemic immune activation and inflammation. We determined the dynamics of biomarkers of immune activation, microbial translocation and inflammation during initial ART with a nucleos(t)ide-sparing regimen of darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir. We also evaluated associations between these biomarkers and the...

CONTEXT It is unclear whether delay in initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to a poorer viral load response for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship of viral load response to ART with baseline CD4 cell count and baseline viral load. DESIGN Inception cohort of 3430 therapy-naive patients with HIV, of whom 3226 patients ha...

Blood is the main by-product from slaughterhouses bearing high levels of suspended solids (18% w/w) and BOD5 (250 000–375 000 mg O2/L), which makes difficult its handling disposal. This study proposes valorisation blood protein to produce enzymatic hydrolysates rich in haemic iron antioxidant peptides. Haemic presents higher bioavailability compared inorganic form, but incorporation into foodst...

Significance The multiple types of efficient oxygen transport paths were demonstrated in high-mechanical-strength hepta-bore Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-d hollow fiber membranes. These types of paths play a prominent role in enhancing oxygen permeation fluxes (17.6 mL min cm at 1223 K) which greatly transcend the performance of state-of-the-art Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-d hollow fiber membranes, showin...

OBJECTIVE To provide information regarding the management of group B streptococcal (GBS) bacteriuria to midwives, nurses, and physicians who are providing obstetrical care. OUTCOMES The outcomes considered were neonatal GBS disease, preterm birth, pyelonephritis, chorioamnionitis, and recurrence of GBS colonization. EVIDENCE Medline, PubMed, and the Cochrane database were searched for artic...

Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone, Τeva Pharmaceuticals) is an injectable peptide mixture with immunomodulatory properties. It is approved by the FDA as a first-line treatment for reducing the frequency of relapse and slowing the progression of disability in the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (MS) [1]. A considerable amount of research conducted over the last decade has demonstra...

Urine was cultured from 51 healthy preterm babies. If the initial bag specimen grew more than 50 000 organisms/ml, a second bag specimen was cultured. After two positive bag specimens a suprapubic urine was cultured. Significant bacteriuria was excluded on the basis of one or two bag specimens in 90% of the babies. Suprapubic urine was sterile in a further 11 babies. Four babies with positive b...