Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) have been abused for decades by both professional and amateur athletes in order to improve physical performance or muscle mass. AAS abuse can cause adverse effects, among which are hepatotoxic effects. These effects include cholestatic icterus and possibly peliosis hepatis and hepatocellular carcinoma or adenoma. In particular, 17α-alkylated AAS appear to be h...

Site-saturated substitution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase at Ile705 position produced three chair-boat-chair (C-B-C) truncated tricyclic compounds, two 17α-exocyclic protosteryl intermediates, two protosteryl C-17 truncated rearranged intermediates and the normal biosynthetic product, lanosterol. These results indicated the importance of the Ile705 residue in affe...

Seven metabolites were obtained from the microbial transformation of anabolic-androgenic steroid mibolerone (1) with Cunninghamella blakesleeana, C. echinulata, and Macrophomina phaseolina. Their structures were determined as 10β,17β-dihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (2), 6β,17β-dihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (3), 6β,10β,17β-trihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (4), 11β,17...

A facile synthesis of the side chain of loteprednol etabonate, namely, chloromethyl-17α-[(ethoxycarbonyl))oxy]-11β-hydro of loteprednol etabonate, viz., chloromethyl-17α-[(ethoxycarbonyl))oxy]-11xy-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17β-carboxylate--an ocular soft corticosteroid, has been described starting from a 20-oxopregnane, namely, 3β-acetoxy-pregn-5(6),16(17)-diene-20-one (16-dehydropregnenolone ac...

In 2012, seized capsules containing white powder were analyzed to show the presence of unknown steroid-related compounds. Subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigations identified a mixture of 3α- and 3β- isomers of the novel compound; 3-chloro-17α-methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol. Synthesis of authentic reference materials followed by comp...

This is the first report of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase deficiency in an Omani patient who was initially treated for many years as a case of hypertension. CAH is an uncommon disorder that results from a defect in steroid hormones biosynthesis in the adrenal cortex. The clinical presentation depends on the site of enzymatic mutations and the t...

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1 (CYP17A1) gene located on chromosome 10q24.3, which leads to a deficiency in 17α‑hydroxylase/17,20‑lyase. The disorder is characterized by low blood levels of estrogens, androgens and cortisol, which leads to a compensatory increase in adrenocorti...

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency is usually characterized by hypertension and primary amenorrhea, sexual infantilism in women, and pseudohermaphroditism in men. hypertension, and sexual infantilism in women and pseudohermaphroditism in men. In rare cases, a huge adrenal gland tumor can present as a clinical manifestation in untreated CAH. Adrenal ...

In the present study, a permethrin-resistant strain (ALHF) of housefly was used to understand some enzymic changes in normal biosynthetic pathways after insecticide selection. Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) as a natural substrate was used to verify the changes on the level of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases and oxido-reductase activities in the ALHF strain compared to an insecticide-susceptib...

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) comprises a group of autosomal recessive disorders, which are due to defects in single enzymes involved in adrenal steroidogenesis. The biochemical and clinical phenotype depends on the specific enzymatic defect. In 21hydroxylase and 11β-hydroxylase deficiency only adrenal steroidogenesis is affected, whereas a defect in 3β-hydroxysteroid dehyd...