in this thesis, phosphorus ylides [phbppy], [no2bppy] and [brbppy] have been synthesized through the formation of phosphonium salt and dihydrogenation, followed by the reaction of pd(oac)2 and the orthopalladated dinuclear complexes [pd(?-cl)(phbppy)]2, [pd(?-cl)(no2bppy)]2 and [pd(?-cl)(brbppy)]2 have been produced. the reaction of dinuclear complexes and bidentate ligands [l = bipy (2,2-bipyr...

امثال از دیرباز در میان جوامع بشری از جایگاه ویژه ای برخوردار بوده و آئینه تمام نمای فرهنگ و ادب یک ملت است و از مباحث مهم در حوزه علوم قرآنی نیز بشمار می رود. رساله حاضر، تلاشی است جهت شناسایی و درک هر چه بهتر مفاهیم قرآنی و وعده و وعیدها و پند و اندرزها و اشاره به بلاغت قرآن با بهره گیری از تعاریفی چون تشبیه، استعاره، کنایه و سپس مختصراً به تاریخچه مثل پرداخته و اشاره ای به وجود امثال در دیگر ...

126 abstract: in this research we studied the effects of cyclic hydration and dehydration of cysts of artemia urmiana and artemia parthenogenetica on the hatching percentage, survival and growth. the experiment was carried out in 3 treatments (1-3 hydration/dehydration cycles) with 3 replicates for each treatment. later effects of cold preservation at -20°c during three time periods were ...

abstract the variables affecting the nature of reading comprehension can be classified into two general categories: reader’s variables, and text variables (alderson, 2000). despite the wave of research on vocabulary knowledge as reader’s variable, the role of this knowledge in c-test as a text-dependent test and its interaction with lexical cohesion of the test as a text feature has remained a...