Cells continually adjust their gene expression profiles in order to adapt to the availability of nutrients. Glucose is a major regulator of pxancreatic β-cell function and cell growth. However, the mechanism of β-cell adaptation to high levels of glucose remains uncertain. To identify the specific targets responsible for adaptation to high levels of glucose, the differentially expressed genes f...

Monascus purpureus is known to produce pigment molecules. The pigments were extracted from M. fermented rice. In-vitro antioxidant effects of observed and presumed alleviate oxidative stress related atherosclerosis effect in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. formation lipid peroxide due the oxidation serum was higher HFD. While, feeding rice (groups III-V) significantly lowered (2...

Under most experimental conditions, the activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA reductase) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, change together in parallel directions. It has been suggested that newly synthesized cholesterol may be the preferred substrate for cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, which may account for the observed synchronous behavior of the two enzymes. To test...

In cells that had been physically enucleated after treatment with cytochalasin B (cytoplasts) levels of cholesterol synthesis and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity were nearly constant over a 6-h period of time. The ratio of the inactive to the active form of the reductase was unaltered by enucleation and did not change when the cytoplasts were incubated at 37%. The addit...

[3-14C]Acetoacetate, injected subcutaneously into rats, was rapidly incorporated into hepatic cholesterol and fatty acids. Injection of radiolabeled acetoacetate, acetate, or glucose resulted in the preferential incorporation of acetoacetate into cholesterol. The postmitochondrial supernatant of a rat liver homogenate has the capacity to synthesize radiolabeled sterols from [3-14C]acetoacetate,...

The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) is rate-limiting for metabolism of cholesterol; it plays an important role in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. We used DNA sequencing technology and created restriction site PCR-RFLP to detect HMGCR SNPs in an F(2) resource population of Gushi chicken and Anka broilers. We found a G/T mutation (Gln/His) in exon 17 and a T/C ...

Dyslipidemia is a prominent feature of chronic renal failure (CRF) and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and the progression of renal disease. CRF-induced dyslipidemia is marked by hypertriglyceridemia and a shift in plasma cholesterol from HDL to the ApoB-containing lipoproteins. Several studies have demonstrated a favorable response to administration of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-...

In the present study, 110 fungal strains of Persian Type Culture Collection (PTCC) including some selected strains isolated in various screening projects were tested for their potentiality to produce lovastatin, a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reduc-tase), the rate-limiting enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. The fungal strains were cultivated in a t...

Statins up-regulate expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis and the major target of autoantibodies in statin-associated immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. As muscle cells regenerate, they express high levels of HMGCR, which may sustain the immune response even after statin therapy is stopped. Awareness of this e...