Thiamine (vitamin B1), which is synthesized only in bacteria, fungi and plants humans should take with diet, participates basic biochemical physiological processes a versatile way its deficiency associated neurological problems accompanied by cognitive dysfunctions. The rat glioblastoma (C6) model was used, exposed to limited environment toxicity glutamate. cells were stressed exposure glutamat...

Abstract Cell viability is one of the critical quality attributes (CQAs) for analyzing and characterizing cellular therapeutic products. The characterization cell essential to ensure quality, safety efficacy during gene therapy development. In this work, we characterized compared two commonly used dual-staining methods, acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) orange/4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindo...

Figure S1. Internalization of Sn induced by Sn-specific mAbs. Newly developed mAbs 12A4 and SySy94 were added to the cells for 60 min at 4 °C to allow only surface staining. Cells were then fixed (0 min) or were brought to 37 °C to induce internalization (60 min). Cells were permeabilized so internalized vesicles could be observed. Secondary Alexa Fluor 488-labeled antibodies were added to the ...

Cellular viability is usually determined by measuring the capacity of cells to exclude vital dyes such as 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), or by assessing nuclear morphology with chromatinophilic plasma membrane-permeant dyes, such as Hoechst 33342. However, a fraction of cells that exclude DAPI or exhibit normal nuclear morphology have already lost mitochondrial functions and/or manifest ...

Bacteria were either heat fixed on microscope slides or filtered with 0.2 micron-pore-size Nuclepore filters. The samples were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for total staining and with polyvalent rabbit antibodies and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated swine anti-rabbit antibodies for specific staining. By switching between two different optical filter packages in the mic...

We cloned genes, designated smdAB, that encode a multidrug efflux pump from the chromosomal DNA of clinically isolated Serratia marcescens NUSM8906. For cells of the drug-hypersensitive strain Escherichia coli KAM32 harboring a recombinant plasmid carrying smdAB, structurally unrelated antimicrobial agents such as norfloxacin, tetracycline, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and Hoechst 3334...