Prognosis of metastatic breast cancer is very poor which urges the necessity to develop novel potential drug candidates. We assessed two compounds with tri-aryl structures (A and B) for their potency to reduce primary breast tumor growth and lung metastasis in 4T1 mice model. MTT assay, 4T1 mammary mouse model and immunohistochemistry experiments were used in this study. In vitro results exhibi...

Cancer cells adapt their metabolism during tumorigenesis. We studied two isogenic breast cancer cells lines (highly metastatic 4T1; nonmetastatic 67NR) to identify differences in their glucose and glutamine metabolism in response to metabolic and environmental stress. Dynamic magnetic resonance spectroscopy of (13)C-isotopomers showed that 4T1 cells have higher glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid...

Tocotrienols are reported to possess anticancer activities. Recently we showed that the effects of tocotrienolrich fraction (TRF) may be through inhibition special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) gene in a syngeneic mouse model breast cancer (BC). The present study aims further explore role SATB1 murine BC cells. expression 4T1 cells was partially knocked down (SATB1-4T1) using short...

The human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-436 and MDA-MB-231, the murine breast cancer cell line 4T1-luc (4T1 cells stably expressing firefly luciferase) and murine Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC) were cultivated according to supplier’s instructions (ATCC). The primary low passaged colon cancer cell lines COGA2 and COGA10 were characterized by Vecsey-Semjen et al. and cultured as previously de...

PURPOSE It is established that bisphosphonates (BPs), specific inhibitors of osteoclasts, have beneficial effects on bone metastases of breast cancer. In addition, recent studies have reported that BPs have anticancer effects and suppress visceral metastases, too. However, the results of clinical studies are still conflicting. In the present study, we examined the effects of the BP zoledronic a...

Metastasis accounts for approximately 90% of breast cancer-related deaths. Therefore, novel approaches which prevent or control breast cancer metastases are of significant clinical interest. Interleukin-12 (IL-12)-based immunotherapies have shown promise in controlling metastatic disease, yet modest responses and severe toxicities due to systemic administration of IL-12 in early trials have hin...

PURPOSE An inherent problem in breast cancer treatment is that current therapeutic approaches fail to specifically target the dissemination of breast cancer cells from the primary tumor. Clinical findings show that the loss of Wnt-5a protein expression in the primary breast tumor predicts a faster tumor spread, and in vitro analyses reveal that it does so by inhibiting tumor cell migration. The...

BACKGROUND Lipocalin 2, an iron binding protein, is abnormally expressed in some malignant human cancers and may play an important role in tumor metastasis. However, the roles of lipocalin 2 in breast cancer formation and metastasis have not been clearly shown. This study aimed to investigate the roles of lipocalin 2 in breast tumor metastasis. METHODS Lipocalin 2 was overexpressed in the met...

Objective(s): The central role of molecular imaging modalities in cancer management is an undeniable fact that could help to diagnose cancer tumors in early stages. The main aim of this study is to prepare a novel targeted molecular imaging nanoprobe of CD24-PEGylated Au NPs to improve the ability of Computed tomography scanning (CT scan) outputs for both in vitro and in vivo detection of breas...