ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters consist of a family of proteins that translocate substrates against a concentration gradient from the intracellular toward the extracellular milieu. Among the members of the ABC transporter superfamily, P-glycoprotein has been studied most extensively and has been found to be expressed in tissues such as liver, kidneys, and intestines. This suggests a phy...

We describe here the PCR amplification of a DNA fragment (mtp1) from Mycobacterium smegmatis using primers derived from consensus sequences of the ABC family of transporters. The fragment encodes amino acid sequences that exhibited significant homology with different ABC transporters. Amino acid sequence alignment of the full length gene with other transporters identified the ABC protein as the...

RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms are conserved and consist of an interrelated network of activities that not only respond to exogenous dsRNA, but also perform endogenous functions required in the fine tuning of gene expression and in maintaining genome integrity. Not surprisingly, RNAi functions have widespread influences on cellular function and organismal development. Previously, we observe...

Using the energy of ATP hydrolysis, ABC transporters catalyze the trans-membrane transport of molecules. In bacteria, these transporters partner with a high-affinity substrate-binding protein (SBP) to import essential micronutrients. ATP binding by Type I ABC transporters (importers of amino acids, sugars, peptides, and small ions) stabilizes the interaction between the transporter and the SBP,...

In yeast cells such as those of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins has been found to be increased and correlates with a concomitant elevation in azole drug resistance. In this study, we investigated the roles of two Aspergillus fumigatus proteins that share high sequence similarity with S. cerevisiae Pdr5, an ABC transporter protein that is c...

Abstract The plant hormone auxin is distributed in the by a sophisticated network of importers and exporters, including members ABCB subclass ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABCB-mediated transport controlled Twisted Dwarf1, member FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family. Here, we summarize current knowledge on ABC transporter regulation FKBPs, which seems to be conserved over kingdoms sub...

The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of metabolites and toxic organic solutes are orchestrated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and the organic solute carrier family (SLC) proteins. A large number of ABC and SLC transpoters exist; however, only a small number have been well characterized. To facilitate the analysis of these transporters, which is important...

ABC transporters are remarkably versatile machines that move a wide array of substances, including both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules across membranes (1-4). They are constructed with a modular design; each transporter has two nucleotidebinding domains (NBDs) and two membrane-spanning domains (often comprising six transmembrane helices). The NBDs are highly conserved modules that intera...

The cyanobacterium Anabaena PD-1, which was originally isolated from polychlorobiphenyl (PCB)-contaminated paddy soils, has capabilities for dechlorinatin and for degrading the commercial PCB mixture Aroclor 1254. In this study, 25 upregulated proteins were identified using 2D electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI...

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Ca. L. asiaticus) is a Gram-negative bacterium and the pathogen of Citrus Greening disease (Huanglongbing, HLB). As a parasitic bacterium, Ca. L. asiaticus harbors ABC transporters that play important roles in exchanging chemical compounds between Ca. L. asiaticus and its host. Here, we analyzed all the ABC transporter-related proteins in Ca. L. asiaticus. We ...