Farming of the freshwater fish is emerging in Brazil and many species from the wild are promising. The teleost matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) holds several characteristics such as fast growth rate, high commercial value and adaptability to artificial raring conditions, which make it a promising species for commerce. The use of pesticides in aquatic environment is frequent in Brazil, and methyl para...

pyridostigmine bromide (pb) is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of orally administration of single dose sustained-released tablet of pyridostigmine bromide (pbsr) on the frequency domain indices of heart rate variability (hrv). thirty-two healthy young men were participated in this study. they were divided into 2 groups; the pyridostigmine...

In search of potent cholinesterase inhibitors, we have carried out the synthesis and biologically evaluation of various benzaldehyde based 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. In vitro assay results revealed that all the synthesized compounds showed activity against both enzymes (AChE and BChE) and in few cases, the inhibition activity was even higher than or comp...

Background We investigated the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on all-cause discontinuation, efficacy and safety, and the effects of study design-, intervention-, and patient-related covariates on the risk-benefit of cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials comparing cholinesterase inh...

The chemical inhibition of acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) is a potent strategy for addressing signal related neuropathology and natural products are potential sources of compounds with such properties. Essential oil extracts from leaf, seed, stem and rhizome of four medicinal plants [Aframomum melegueta K. Schum, Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth S. More), Monodora myristica (Gaertn.), and Ocimu...

background: gastric lavage (gl) is one of the most commonly used decontamination method for cholinergic insecticide ingestion in developing countries despite lack of supporting evidence. this study was designed to evaluate the outcome of patients with cholinergic insecticide poisoning treated with gl in regards to timing and frequency of the procedure. methods: in this prospective observational...

The presence of enzymes in mammalian blood which hydrolyze acetylcholine was first suspected by Dale (1)) and later demonstrated by Plattner (2) and by Engelhart and Loewi (3). A serum cholinesterase isolated by Stedman et al. (4) from horse blood was first thought to be the same as the cholinesterase in the central nervous system.’ Distinct differences between the cholinesterase of erythrocyte...

Cholinesterase inhibitors are the 'first-line' agents in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This article presents the latest information on their pharmacokinetic properties and pharmacodynamic activity. Tacrine was the first cholinesterase inhibitor approved by regulatory agencies, followed by donepezil, rivastigmine and recently galantamine. With the exception of low doses of tacrine, the c...

Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive degeneration and/or death of nerve cells. This causes problems with movement (called ataxis), or mental functioning (called dementia). Alzheimer’s is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the brain that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. It is not a normal part of aging. The cause o...

organophosphorous (op) pesticides are used frequently in agriculture, particularly in asian countries over the past decades. poisoning by these agents, either as acute or chronic in these nations, is a serious health problem. op pesticides residue in fruits and vegetables that may not induce early clinical features, could also affect the human health. therefore, medical and health professionals...