Composite cements have been shown to be biocompatible, bioactive, with good mechanical properties and capability to bind to the bone. Despite these interesting characteristic, in vivo studies on animal models are still incomplete and ultrastructural data are lacking. The acquisition of new ultrastructural data is hampered by uncertainties in the methods of preparation of histological samples du...

Purpose—It has been shown that a partialvacuum slow-speed system for blending of the liquid and powder components of Simplex-P produces set acrylic bone cement specimens of less than 1 percent porosity with significantly improved uniaxial tensile fatigue lives over regularly mixed cement. However, those tests were conducted using smooth-machined specimens, which may not necessarily be clinicall...

Dunne, NJ, Daly, C, Beverland, D Queens University of Belfast, Belf Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast Introduction It has been shown that acrylic bone cement is weakened by its porosity, which enhances the formation of microcracks that contribute to major crack propagation . It has also been observed, that mixing procedures play a significant role in determining the quality of bone cement produce...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the release of ciprofloxacin from acrylic bone cement and fibrin clot. Under sterile conditions, bone cement and fibrin clot were individually mixed with ciprofloxacin. Ten specimens of each complex were placed in 1 ml of nutrient broth and incubated at 37 degrees C. The nutrient broth was changed daily, and the removed samples were stored at -70 deg...

Polymethylmethacrylate-based (PMMA) bone cements containing functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared, and the thermal properties of the resultant nanocomposite cements were characterized in accordance with the international standard for acrylic resin cements. The aim of this study was to determine the peak temperatures during the polymerization reaction in PMMA bone cement by thermo...

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is used to fill the gap between the prosthesis and the surrounding bone in cemented arthroplasties. Biocompatibility problems related to bone cement application limit the clinical success of these cemented arthroplasties. Being the cement surface in close connection with the living bone, it is reasonable to assume that surface properties such as, surface composi...

A pilot study has shown that there is usually but not invariably a fall in systemic arterial blood pressure within 90 seconds of implanting acrylic cement into the femoral shaft during hip arthroplasty. There is usually no change in arterial blood pressure on implanting acrylic cement into the acetabulum. The observed hypotension may be due to absorption of monomer or additives into the circula...

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) originally designed for use as dental materials have a number of advantages over acrylic bone cements. These include nonexothermic setting reaction with no thermal damage to surrounding tissues, minimal shrinkage during gelation, the possibility of incorporation drugs and growth factors within the cement and the ability to release fluoride. It is already known that ...

Cement augmentation is an emerging surgical procedure in which bone cement is used to infiltrate and reinforce osteoporotic vertebrae. Although this infiltration procedure has been widely applied, it is performed empirically and little is known about the flow characteristics of cement during the injection process. We present a theoretical and experimental approach to investigate the intertrabec...