Experiments involving active immunization have shown' that infection with a non-virulent B. aertrycke produces in mice a high degree of immunity to infection with virulent B. enteritidis. It also appeared that a non-virulent enteritidis organism conferred a cross protection to infection with B. aertrycke. Furthermore, in the immunities so disclosed the protection failed to bear any relationship...

A single course of two intraperitoneal injections of formalin-inactivated virus of Russian spring-summer encephalitis induced in albino mice a solidly immune state which endured almost throughout life. Active virus is therefore not essential for the production of a high degree of lasting immunity. The immune response to vaccination consists of resistance to peripherally introduced active virus ...

micrornas (mirnas) are small preserved non-coding rna molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by targeting the 3' utr of mrnas for translational repression or degradation. the rising evidence has established the significant role of mirnas within the regulation of immune system and the prevention of autoimmunity. mir-146a has obtained an importance as a modulator of d...

the effects of methanolic extract and leaf powder of artemisia annua were studied on performance, cellular and humoral immunity in 240 cobb broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. control group did not receive any treatment. the chicks in the second and third groups were fed with feed which contained 2000 and 4000 ppm plant extract in diet and in the groups 4, 5 and 6 chicks received ...

objectives: the aim of the present study was to investigate immunotoxic effect of safranal (saf), a main component of crocus sativus essential oil, using balb/c mice. materials and methods: saf was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 ml/kg for 3 weeks. hystopathological examination of spleen and bone marrow, cellularity of spleen, delayed type of hypersensitivity (dth) res...

Active immunity to the growth of tissue may be obtained by intraperitoneal injections of tissue emulsions. This immunity is of short duration and is followed by an anti-immunity. The immunity varies for individual tissues both in extent and in the time of onset. The immunity is not specific in so far that it is not more marked to the tissue similar to that forming the emulsion.

The Vibrio cholerae type VI secretion system (T6SS) assembles as a molecular syringe that injects toxic protein effectors into both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. We previously reported that the V. cholerae O37 serogroup strain V52 maintains a constitutively active T6SS to kill other Gram-negative bacteria while being immune to attack by kin bacteria. The pandemic O1 El Tor V. cholerae strai...

The medicinal uses of saffron, the dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L., have very long history in food coloring agent, and flavoring agent as well as traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Crocus sativus is rich in carotenoids that affect immunity. This review summarizes the putative immunoregulatory effects of saffron and its active its derivatives including crocin, croceti...