Mixtures of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are commonly found in aquatic environments. Emerging reports have identified that more-than-additive mortality is common in metal-PAH mixtures. Individual aspects of PAH toxicity suggest they may alter the accumulation of metals and enhance metal-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Redox-active metals (e.g., Cu and Ni) are also c...

Nanomedicine is the relevance of nanotechnology in the area of healthcare, diagnosis of disease, cure and prevention of disease. Nanotechnology covers the diverse area of matters at dimensions between approximately 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanotechnology has enormous applications in drug delivery field. Nano drug delivery systems can reduce the drug consumption and side-effects by lowering the depo...

Thermal-optical evolved gas analysis (TOEGA) is a conventional method for classifying carbonaceous aerosols as organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). Its main source of uncertainty arises from accounting for pyrolized OC (char), which has similar behavior to the EC originally present on the filter. Sample composition can also cause error, at least partly by complicating the charred carb...

Metal ion interactions with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from the CAM plant Crassula argentea and the C(4) plant Zea mays were kinetically analyzed. Fe(2+) and Cd(2+) were found to be active metal cofactors along with the previously known active metals Mg(2+), Mn(2+), and Co(2+). In studies with the Crassula enzyme, Mg(2+) yielded the highest V(max) value but also generated the highest value...

The toxic effects of the metals cadmium, zinc and copper on microbial activity in the activated sludge process, are reported. The dissolved metals were added to the process in synthetic wastewater with a COD of 520 mg L. Metal toxicity was determined by the reduction in activity levels of variables such as the specific oxygen uptake rate and mass fraction of active cells present in the reactor....

Little attention has been given to the use of ruthenium and osmium as catalysts for vapour-phase reactions. This paper shows that both these metals when supported on alumina possess signijcant activity for the hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons. In the hydrogenation of butene, butadiene and acetylene their activity is comparable with that shown by the other platinum group metals, althoug...

Active metals can be used as a getter pump, removing impurities in ultra-pure high vacuum environments. To relieve the difficulties involved with the transportation, storage and handling of these metals, a process is being developed to create a protective coating by removing the active metal component from the surface of a mixture of the active metal and a stable element via immersion in a wet ...

Replacement of noble metals in catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction with transition metals mostly create active sites based on a composite of nitrogen-coordinated transition metal in close concert with non-nitrogen-coordinated carbon-embedded metal atom clusters. Here we report a non-platinum group metal electrocatalyst with an active site devoid of any direct nitrogen coordination ...

A main obstacle in the rational development of heterogeneous catalysts is the difficulty in identifying active sites. Here we show metal/oxide interfacial sites are highly active for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol and other industrially important primary alcohols on a range of metals and oxides combinations. Scanning tunnelling microscopy together with density functional theory calculations on...

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are responsible for the removal of acetyl groups from histones, resulting in gene silencing. Overexpression of HDACs is associated with cancer, and their inhibitors are of particular interest as chemotherapeutics. However, HDACs remain a target of mechanistic debate. HDAC class 8 is the most studied HDAC, and of particular importance due to its human oncological rel...