acute liver failure (alf) is an uncommon, devastating syndrome of which over 2000 cases occur annually in the usa, with a mortality rate of about 80%. alf is de_ned by the sudden onset of hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy (inr_1.5) in an otherwise healthy person. the most common etiologies are acute viral hepatitis a and b, medication overdose (e.g., acetaminophen) and idiosyncratic drug ...

A 48-year-old female with abdominal pain and malaise who showed delayed symptom of acute gastroenteritis came to see us. Her illness was diagnosed as norovirus infection, but liver dysfunction accompanied this gastroenteritis. We investigated the pathogenesis of this hepatitis for all causes including drugs, but we could not detect norovirus infection. The liver damage improved shortly in cours...

H2 receptor antagonists can rarely cause idiosyncratic drug reactions leading to acute hepatitis. Famotidine, however, is considered a relatively safe drug with regards to hepatotoxicity. We report a case of a 47 year old male with a history of hepatitis C who developed acute hepatitis on the third day of hospitalization with a dramatic rise in his liver enzymes from normal values at the time o...

background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) have been recently received increasing attention for cell-based therapy, especially in regenerative medicine. however, the low survival rate of these cells restricts their therapeutic applications. it is hypothesized that autophagy might play an important role in cellular homeostasis and survival. this study aims to investigate the regenerative potentia...

conclusions because 66% of students were anti-hav antibody negative and they will work as health care workers in future, our study suggest vaccinating all students accepted at aja university of medical sciences. results of total 270 students, 30 were female. their age ranged between 18 and 30 years old with the mean age of 20.58 years and just 34% of students had positive level of anti-hav anti...

background: bone marrow transplantation is a good therapeutic modality for beta thalassemia. liver complications is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality following bmt. determination of the factors of liver injury leads to earlier diagnosis after bmt and improves prognosis. materials and methods: we studied 113 major beta thalassemic patients who have been transplanted from 1990- 2...

BACKGROUND Dengue is a common arboviral infection with a clinically diverse spectrum of presentations. Although hepatic dysfunction is commonly identified in patients will dengue illness, acute liver failure is rare. The etiopathogenesis of hepatic dysfunction is multifactorial and related to direct viral invasion of hepatocytes, immunological factors and hypoxia particularly in cases of shock ...

Liver transplantation is a standard clinical treatment for both adult and pediatric patients with acute liver failure, end-stage liver diseases and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The histopathologist can facilitate many of the clinical decisions concerning the indications for liver transplantation, assessment of donor suitability and management of liver allograft dysfunction syndromes. However, t...

Inflammation is a characteristic feature of virtually all acute and chronic liver diseases. It intersects different pathologies from the early stages injury, when inflammatory burden mild-to-moderate, to very advanced disease, response intense drives multiple organ dysfunction failure(s). The current review describes most relevant features process in two clinical entities across disease spectru...

Introduction Acute liver failure is a fatal syndrome attributed to massive hepatocyte apoptosis that is resistant to conventional medical therapies. Consequently, liver transplantation is required in many cases. An experimental liver failure model induced by galactosamine (Gal) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mimics clinical acute liver failure. In this model, LPS stimulates macrophages to release...