Five cases of aflatoxicosis in pigs in southern Queensland are described. One peracute case where aflatoxin concentrations of up to 5000 micrograms aflatoxin B1/kg were demonstrated in stomach contents was presumed to be caused by consumption of mouldy bread. High levels of toxins were also present in the livers. Two cases of acute toxicity were caused by feeding mouldy peanut screenings contai...

The covalent binding of the hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 by rat liver microsomes to calf thymus DNA resulted in a binding level equal to one aflatoxin residue per 60 DNA nucleotides. An aflatoxin derivative-guanine adduct was efficiently liberated from DNA with formic acid. Analytical reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography of the DNA hydrolysate revealed that approximately 90% of t...

Isolation of Apergillus flavus from groundnut and production of aflatoxin on rice. a method has been developed for the production of aflatoxin by growing Aspergillus flavus strain AJ on the solid substrate rice. Optimal yields, more than 1mg of aflatoxin B1 per gram of starting material, were obtained in 5 days at 28C.A crude product containing aflatoxin was isolated by HPLC (High Performance L...

Stored and cooked samples of pearl millet (Pennesetum typhoides), which is regularly consumed as food by the Paharia tribe in the hilly regions of Santhal Pargana, Bihar State, India, that were harvested in January 1989 were analyzed for mold flora, natural occurrence of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, and incidence and levels of aflatoxin B1. Of the 22 fungal species isolated, A. flavus...

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is marginally soluble in water, making it challenging to evenly disperse it in foods, and resulting in lowered anti-A. flavus efficacy. In the present study, nano-dispersed CA (nano-CA) was prepared to increase its aqueous solubility. Free and nano-dispersed CA were compared in terms of their inhibitory activity against fungal growth and aflatoxin production of A. flavus bot...

The effect of a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight of aflatoxin B1 on rat liver mitochondrial enzymes, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and Mg++ adenosine triphosphatase (Mg++-ATPase) and on certain lipids were studies at various intervals of time from 3 to 24 hours. A significant decrease in the specific activity of SDH was observed after 6, 12, 18 and 24 hr treatment. The Mg++-ATPase activity re...

Aflatoxin B1 and benzo(a)pyrene were activated by both cultured human bronchus and human colon as measured by binding to cellular DNA and protein. The binding of aflatoxin B1 to DNA was dose dependent, and the level of binding was higher in cultured human bronchus than it was in the colon. When compared to aflatoxin B1, the binding level of benzo(a)pyrene to both bronchial and colonic DNA was g...

Three trials using 207 crossbred pigs were conducted to evaluate the effects of aflatoxin-contaminated corn on young pigs and to determine whether several nutritional and nonnutritional dietary amendments would benefit performance or health in situations of aflatoxin B1 contamination. In Trial 1 using 90 pigs in a 49-d trial, linear (P < .01) and quadratic (P < .05) decreases in ADG were observ...

Extended Abstract Aflatoxin B1 is one of the most common mycotoxins, toxic substances produced by fungi, and produced by Aspergillus flavus. It is classified as one of International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Group 1 carcinogens and only few nanograms of aflatoxin B1 may cause liver cancer and stunted growth by permeation through skin. There are conventional diagnosis methods such as ...

The inhibitory effect of four basic aflatoxins on interferon induction by influenza virus in LLC-MK2 cell monolayers follows a structure-activity series with decreasing potency in the order aflatoxin B1 greater than G1 greater than B2 approximately G2. Of the four aflatoxins, B1 was the most deleterious to both cell growth and the viability of cells in confluent cultures. The fact that higher l...