The concept of reification is used by Marx to describe a form of social consciousness in which human relations come to be identified with the physical properties of things, thereby acquiring an appearance of naturalness and inevitability. This essay presents a systematic reconstruction of Marx's theory of reification, with an emphasis on the social-structural dimensions of the concept. This rec...

Recently there have been several attempts to arrive at a more precise understanding of the relationship between Marxism and psychology. These have been notable in that they have been informed by Althusserian treatments of Marxism rather than orthodox Freudian or Lacanian themes. Such treatments, it is argued, entail the complete eradication of any notion of subjectivity. The following analyses ...

bertolt brecht composed poems, focusing on the political, social and economic situations of his time. this fact could also be seen in his plays. with this outlook brecht challenges the readers of his work with regard to the social problems of their time. doing so, the reader finds himself in a difficult task that tests his ability and skill to resolve the problems. the initial poems of brecht s...

MY COMMENTS ON the future of Socialism are divided into three parts. The first deals with Sovietism, or Marxist Socialism modified by the Russian tradition, and its offsprings around the world. The second has to do with various hues of social democracy, from the vaguely Gramscian Marxist variety to the welfare state of mixed origins. The third deals with one reason why some form of Socialism ma...

An analysis of Marxist conceptions of the good and the beautiful and their relationship to alienation, “Ugly and Monstrous” argues that Marxism was ultimately a set of aesthetic beliefs, one that paradoxically called for the temporary cessation of all attempts to create beautiful artwork. Marx understood beauty as Kant had – that it is the result of the harmonization of the faculties that occur...

in the middle of the nineteenth century, iran was shaken by a series of serious upheavals caused by the babi movement . some scholars like ivanov have emphasized on social and economic factors and examined this phenomen from a marxist viewpoint . in this paper, moojan momen makes a more detailed analysis than any made hitherto of these upheavals and criticises the marxist viewpoint.

T he relationship between shifts in the world market and ideas on economic development in Latin America contrasted sharply with that in Romania before the First World War. In the latter country, market failure, social upheaval, and access to the continuing Russian debate led to new theoretical responses, in both Marxist and non-Marxist discourses; in Latin America, the perceived success of the ...

In the last decades a number of archaeologists have stressed the politically laden nature of creating archaeological knowledge. If this is the case, then in the modern “globalized” Europe any attempt to resurrect the ghost of Marx in any field of scholarship may appear at a first sight unnecessary if not offensive or harmful. Yet, almost twenty years after the fall of the Berlin wall, the time ...

Most population health researchers conceptualize social class as a set of attributes and material conditions of life of individuals. The empiricist tradition of 'class as an individual attribute' equates class to an 'observation', precluding the investigation of unobservable social mechanisms. Another consequence of this view of social class is that it cannot be conceptualized, measured, or int...