THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE LUNG 27S daily symptoms to daily levels of air pollutants, and 2) to act as a surveillance tool for acute respiratory illness (AR!). The ARIs were detected with the aid of the daily diaries and when a child was detected with an AR! he/she was called to the clinic for direct observation. If it was a true AR!, pulmonary function tests were conducted twice during the sympto...

Exposure to air pollution in city centers is of major concern because of its health-risks to urban dwellers, trafficcorridor users and even to in-transit commuters. The steady growth in traffic is the major source of toxic air pollutants in urban centers these days. Therefore, studying exposure to air pollutants in urban centers is of special interests to environmental health scientists. This s...

Urban agglomerations are places of increased emissions of anthropogenic pollutants into the atmosphere. Since most of these pollutants are harmful to humans, reduction of their ambient concentrations is a major issue of environmental policy on international, national, and local levels. According to Wiederkehr and Yoon (1998), air pollutants can be grouped into major and trace or hazardous air p...

ii Selected abbrevations iv Sammanfattning på svenska v Original Papers vi Introduction 1

Problems associated with estimation of human exposure to ambient air pollutants are discussed. Ideally, we would prefer to have some indication of actual dose. For most pollutants this is not presently feasible. Specific problems discussed are adequacy of outdoor monitors; the need to correct for exposures and time spent indoors; the need to have particle size distributions described and the ch...