Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is emerging as one of the energy plants considered for biofuel production. Alkali and alkali-involved pretreatment methods have been widely used bioconversion cellulosic materials due to their high sugar yield low inhibitor release. However, recovery treatment wastewater (black liquor) poorly studied. Here, we present a novel two-stage process desig...

The effect of pretreatment with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on chromate-induced DNA damage, cytotoxicity, and enzyme inhibition as well as on the cellular reduction of chromium(VI) was investigated using Chinese hamster V-79 cells. Cellular pretreatment with nontoxic levels of 1 mM ascorbic acid for 24 h prior to exposure resulted in a significant increase (1.7-fold) in cellular levels of this vi...

Background The efficiency of cellulolytic enzymes is important in industrial biorefinery processes, including biofuel production. Chemical methods, such as alkali pretreatment, have been extensively studied and demonstrated as effective for breaking recalcitrant lignocellulose structures. However, these methods have a detrimental effect on the environment. In addition, utilization of these chem...

Corncob is an agriculture waste found to consist of 38.9% cellulose and 43.4% hemicellulose on dry solid (w/w %) basis and thus considered a potential source for fermentable sugars. These sugars can potentially be extracted through combined chemical pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification. The present study is aimed to optimized the pretreatment process by using variety of alkali and acids ...

BACKGROUND The biomass recalcitrance resulting from its chemical compositions and physical structures impedes the conversion of biomass into fermentable sugars. Pretreatment is a necessary procedure to increase the cellulase accessibility for bioconversion of lignocelluloses into bioethanol. Alternatively, ionic liquids, a series of promising solvents, provide unique opportunities for pretreati...

In this paper, the influence of water glass types, modulus glass, alkali content, consumption, and plant fibers on mechanical strengths alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder (BFS) is investigated. Moreover, fiber types pretreatment measuring temperature performance BFS are further considered. Results indicate that activated by potassium silicate shows higher than sodium silicate. The with ...

Pretreatment processes are essential for the preparation of biofuels from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Based on alkaline H2O2 pretreatment, photocatalytic pretreatment (U-AHP) was investigated to examine effects reaction time, alkali concentration, and concentration enzymatic digestion corn stover. The optimum process conditions were determined by orthogonal tests: 1% NaOH, 2% H2O2, time 8 h. Un...

BACKGROUND A two-stage chemical pretreatment of corn stover is investigated comprising an NaOH pre-extraction followed by an alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) post-treatment. We propose that conventional one-stage AHP pretreatment can be improved using alkaline pre-extraction, which requires significantly less H2O2 and NaOH. To better understand the potential of this approach, this study investi...