OBJECTIVE To determine the appropriateness (both indications and adequate dosage regimen via creatinine clearance estimation) of allopurinol by physicians of different specialties in a tertiary care centre. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cross sectional study computerized clinical records of 156 adult patients who were prescribed allopurinol from 12th November to 11th December, 2011 were retrie...

The activity of allopurinol-loaded polyethylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles against Trypanosoma cruzi was compared to that of free allopurinol using in vitro cultures of epimastigotes. Ethylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles were prepared by an emulsion polymerization process, and formulations containing different concentrations of allopurinol, polyethylcyanoacrylate and surfactants were investigated and ...

Allopurinol is widely used for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis, but is associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs). Recently, HLA-B*58:01 allele was identified as a strong genetic marker for allopurinol-induced CADRs in Han Chinese. However, the magnitude of association and diagnosis value of HLA-B*58:01 in allopurinol-induced CADRs remain inconclusive. To investigate this incons...

Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis grown in culture formed millimolar concentrations of allopurinol ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate from [6-14C]allopurinol. In addition, allopurinol 1-ribonucleoside, oxipurinol riboside 5'-monophosphate, and three new metabolites of allopurinol, namely, 4-aminopyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate and the corresponding di- and t...

increased serum uric acid is known to be a major risk related to the development of several oxidative stress diseases. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parsley, quercetin and kaempferol on serum uric acid levels, liver xanthine oxidoreductase activity and two non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration) in norma...

BACKGROUND Because serious adverse reactions to allopurinol have been related to a reduce creatinine clearance rate and prolonged half life of oxypurinol, it has been recommended that the dose should be adjusted according to the rate of creatinine clearance. However, in some patients with gout the dose is not sufficient to reduce serum levels of uric acid (< or =390 micromol/l) and to halt dise...

OBJECTIVES Allopurinol is a uric acid lowering drug used in the treatment of gout and the prevention of tumor lysis syndrome. Allopurinol and its active metabolite oxipurinol inhibit xanthine oxidase, which forms uric acid from xanthine and hypoxanthine. Therapeutic drug monitoring is an important option for evaluation and optimization of allopurinol treatment in case of renal impairment, inter...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the predisposition to different types of allopurinol-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN; SJS-TEN, n = 13), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS, n = 10) and Maculopapular eruption (MPE; n = 7), conferred by HLA-B (*) 58:01 in a Thai ...

BACKGROUND Increased oxidative stress in chronic heart failure is thought to contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Xanthine oxidase produces oxidative stress and therefore we examined whether allopurinol improved endothelial dysfunction in chronic heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study on 11 patients with New York Heart ...

BACKGROUND Allopurinol is a frequently prescribed drug. In inflammatory bowel disease patients who shunt thiopurine metabolism towards more toxic and less desirable pathways, allopurinol is proving to be an effective add on therapy with good resultant disease control and less treatment side effects. As many such patients are young, the potential for pregnant women to be exposed to allopurinol i...