objective: toxoplasmosis can lead to severe pathological effects in both infected humans and animals. the various dna vaccines against toxoplasma compose of single or cocktail antigens have been investigated but they have partial protective against disease. in this study, we used pcrop1 as a dna vaccine and aluminium phosphate and aluminium hydroxide to compare their efficacy as mineral adjuvan...

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy were used, for the first time, to study the interaction between aluminium(III) and calf thymus DNA under neutral pH conditions. Thus obtained data confirmed the existence of a relatively strong interaction between Al(III) and DNA. The binding site for aluminium(III) on DNA chains is not the bases, but the phosphate groups on the DNA back...

Highly selective and sensitive phosphate sensors have been fabricated by constructing a solid membrane disk consisting of variable mixtures of aluminium powder (Al), aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) and powdered copper (Cu). Both binary and ternary electrode systems are produced. The ternary membranes exhibit greater selectivity over a wide range of concentrations. The ternary electrode with the com...

In the early stages of renal failure, hyperparathyroidism develops as a compensatory mechanism to control serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and calcitriol. As kidney disease progresses, this ability to maintain mineral homeostasis is lost, leading to the development of renal osteodystrophy (ROD). Over the past decade, the pattern of ROD seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has c...

Calcium phosphate based biomaterials are extensively used in the context of tissue engineering: small changes in composition can lead to significant changes in properties allowing their use in a wide range of applications. Samples of composition (Al(2)O(3))(x)(Na(2)O)(0.11-x)(CaO)(0.445)(P(2)O(5))(0.445), where x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08, were prepared by melt quenching. The atomic-scale struc...

Elevated serum phosphate levels as a consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk observed in dialysis patients. Protein restriction and dialysis fail to adequately prevent hyperphosphatemia, and in general treatment with oral phosphate binding agents is necessary in patients with advanced CKD. Phosphate plays a pivotal role in the development of v...

Metal molybdate-doped aluminium phosphate heterostructures have been prepared by a solid solution method and found to be photoluminescence, semiconducting properties effective catalysts for the photoreduction of o -nitroaniline p -nitroaniline.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism was suppressed over a period of one year in 12 children with chronic renal failure by using a regimen of mild dietary phosphate restriction and high dose phosphate binders. The patients were randomised to receive either aluminium hydroxide or calcium carbonate by mouth for six months and then crossed over to the other medication. Vitamin D (dihydrotachysterol) dosa...