UNLABELLED Radiation can cause damage to the inner ear, from a simple hearing loss all the way to profound deafness. Amifostine is a cytoprotective substance extensively used during radio-chemotherapy for malignant tumors. AIM the objective of the present investigation was to establish the antioxidant and radioprotective effects of amifostine on the organ of Corti of albino guinea pigs irradi...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate amifostine for protection from cisplatin-induced serious hearing loss in patients with average-risk medulloblastoma by extending a previous analysis to a much larger sample size. In addition, this study aimed to assess amifostine with serious hearing loss in patients with high-risk medulloblastoma treated with cisplatin. METHODS Newly diagn...

The organic thiophosphate, amifostine, is a promising pharmacological compound showing selective protection in many tissues against the toxic side-effects of radiation and cytotoxic drugs. The aim of the present study was to assess the radioprotective effects of amifostine on ovarian follicles. Three-week-old female mice, with or without pretreatment with amifostine, were irradiated with 6.42 G...

UNLABELLED Megalin-mediated renal retention of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs may lead to nephrotoxicity during peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). The cytoprotective agent amifostine protected rats from long-term nephrotoxicity after PRRT with (177)Lu-DOTA,Tyr(3)-octreotate. This study describes the direct effect of amifostine on kidney and tumor uptake of (111)In-DOTA,Tyr(3)-octr...

Melphalan has a steep dose-response curve, but the use of high doses results in unacceptable myelosuppression. Strategies to circumvent this dose-limiting myelosuppression would allow for the administration of higher, more effective doses of melphalan. Amifostine (WR-2721) has been shown in preclinical studies to protect the bone marrow from the myelotoxicity of melphalan, and in clinical trial...

After several decades of preclinical and clinical research, the first approved radioprotective drug, amifostine, is being used in clinical practice. Amifostine has been shown to specifically protect normal tissues from damage caused by radiation and chemotherapy. An inactive prodrug, amifostine is converted to an active thiol by dephosphorylation by alkaline phosphatase in the normal endotheliu...

The improved prognosis and increased expected lifetime among long-term survivors of childhood malignancies have made these patients especially sensitiveto the late toxicity of cancer therapy and prone to secondary malignancies. Recently, new strategies aiming to protect against cancer treatment toxicity have been developed, including the drug amifostine (Ethyol), which is suggested to protect n...

BACKGROUND Amifostine is an efficient cytoprotector against toxicity caused by some chemotherapeutic drugs. Doxorubicin, a potent anticancer anthracycline, is known to produce spermatogenic damage even in low doses. Although some studies have suggested that amifostine does not confer protection to doxorubicin-induced testicular damage, schedules and age of treatment have different approach depe...

Background: Mannitol is present in the Ethyol ® (the trade name of amifostine) as an excipient. The mechanism of radioprotection of amifostine is radical scavenging. Since mannitol is another known radical scavenger, we studied the probable additive or synergistic effect of mannitol on the effect of amifostine. Material and Methods: Mice were irradiated with Co-60 γ -ray in the presence 400mg/k...

The influence of carboplatin alone and carboplatin in combination with cytoprotective agent amifostine on the growth, caspase 3 activity and some apoptotic genes expression was investigated in vitro in human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Proliferation of HL-60 cells exposed to carboplatin dropped down with increasing dose of the drug. This effect was slightly higher when carboplatin...