A rotary reactor and a fluidized bed reactor (both laboratory-scale and operated in batch mode) are used for the treatment of granulates containing SSA and CaCl ) and treating this mixture (possible after granulation) in a rotary kiln at 1000±100°C leads to the formation of volatile heavy metal compounds which evaporate and to Pphases with a high bio-availability. Due to economical and ecologic...

In order to operate a process which uses immobilized enzymes at constant conversion and constant capacity, the refreshment of the enzyme must be continuous. In this paper, two reactor types with continuous refreshment of the biocatalyst are discussed: the stirred tank and the multistage fluidized bed. A method is presented for dimensioning a reactor in such a way that the costs for the conversi...

High temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process use fixed fluidized bed as a reactor. In order to understand the flow behavior in the fluidized bed better, the research of how the radial velocity affects the entire flow field is necessary. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was used to study the radial velocity distribution along the diameter direction of the cross-section of the particle in a ...

In this research, heat transfer of a poly Ethylene fluidized bed reactor without reaction were studied experimentally and computationally at different superficial gas velocities. A multifluid Eulerian computational model incorporating the kinetic theory for solid particles was developed and used to simulate the heat conducting gas–solid flows in a fluidized bed configuration. Momentum exchange ...

This article describes the use of biofilm reactors for the production of various chemicals by fermentation and wastewater treatment. Biofilm formation is a natural process where microbial cells attach to the support (adsorbent) or form flocs/aggregates (also called granules) without use of chemicals and form thick layers of cells known as "biofilms." As a result of biofilm formation, cell densi...

In this article, a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy observer for the anaerobic digestion process in a fluidized bed reactor is proposed. First, a general explanation of this bioprocess is introduced. A model of the system discretized in the space by the orthogonal collocation method is presented. This model is analyzed locally to prove properties of stability and observability. Then, the design of the fuzzy...

BIOLOGICAL SULFATE REDUCTION IN SULFATE-RICH INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS BY ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED-BED REACTORS: EFFECTS OF ELECTRON DONORS High sulfate wastewaters are a major problem in industry because they increase the total dissolved solid content, and interfere with methanogenesis resulting in decrease in production of methane, which is a valuable fuel. A large variety of industries including: pu...