INTRODUCTION Anaerobic technology have been successful applied for industrial waste water treatment. High reaction rate per unit volume by retaining the biomass in the reactor independently of the incoming waste water flow and concentration. Often high volumetric loading rates in the order of 10 to 40 kg COD/m.d are used. High rate anaerobic biological reactors may be classified into three broa...

The early chemical changes in continuously contracting muscle have been definitely shown to involve anaerobic reactions. The formation of lactic acid from glycogen, the hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, the hydrolysis of adenosinetriphosphate, and the formation of hexosemonophosphate liberate energy which may be used for muscular contraction. Most of the theories of muscular contraction postulate ...

INTRODUCTION....................................................................... 43 ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL PROCESSES ....................................................................... 43 Microbial Diversity......... 0 43 Representative Degradative Pathways of Aromatic Compounds under Anaerobic Conditions ...............44 METABOLISM OF HOMOCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIO...

Detergent surfactants can be found in wastewater in relevant concentrations. Most of them are known as ready degradable under aerobic conditions, as required by European legislation. Far fewer surfactants have been tested so far for biodegradability under anaerobic conditions. The natural environment is predominantly aerobic, but there are some environmental compartments such as river sediments...

1. Metabolic and biogeochemical processes in hyporheic zones may depend on inputs of coarse particulate organic matter. Our research focused on how differing quantity and quality of organic matter affects metabolism and nutrient retention in the hyporheic zone of a first-order Appalachian stream. 2. Sixteen plots were established on a tributary of Hugh White Creek, NC, U.S.A. Sediment was extra...

The estimation of overall on-site and off-site greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by wastewater treatment plants revealed that in anaerobic and hybrid treatment systems greater emissions result from off-site processes compared to on-site processes. However, in aerobic treatment systems, onsite processes make a higher contribution to the overall GHG emissions. The total GHG emissions were estimated ...

Compound-specific isotope analysis has the potential to distinguish physical from biological attenuation processes in the subsurface. In this study, carbon and hydrogen isotopic fractionation effects during biodegradation of benzene under anaerobic conditions with different terminal-electron-accepting processes are reported for the first time. Different enrichment factors (epsilon ) for carbon ...