It is estimated that more than 100 million people were enslaved in the millennium during which the Roman Empire rose and fell (Scheidel 2007: 26), yet the archaeology of Classical slavery is still in its infancy, with many Roman archaeologists still believing that slaves remain 'invisible' to archaeological view (see Webster 2005 for an overview). In the last few years however, a small group of...

BACKGROUND Despite the signing of international peace agreements, a deadly war continues in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and sexual violence is a prominent modus operandi of many military groups operating in the region. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of women who presented to Panzi Hospital in 2006 requesting post-sexual violence care. Data was extracted and analyzed to describe...

Bonded labor has been already widespread since ancient times and has flourished at various periods in most countries. Bonded labor is outlawed by the 1956 U.N. Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, and most countries have passed their own ban. However, it is estimated that millions of people are still held in bo...

This research demonstrates a diasporic connection between slavery on both sides of the Atlantic, English and African interactions on the Gold Coast, and slave resistance in Jamaica from 1655 to the middle of the eighteenth century. This article transfers the site of ‘seasoning,’ the process by which enslaved peoples became physically and socially acclimatised to slavery, from New World plantati...

How are party coalitions shaped and reshaped? Elected officials choose coalitions to win elections, but they must work to maintain those coalitions. Non-elected political actors, advancing an ideology at odds with the party coalition, can undermine the party. This article explores this possibility in the case of partisan change on slavery in the Antebellum United States. Intellectuals in 1850 d...

Research has shown that historical levels of slavery have an adverse impact on contemporary economic development in the U.S., including income inequality and education. This paper assesses the relationship between slavery and intergenerational mobility, both in the past and at present. We first use the IPUMS Linked Representative Samples between 1860-1910 to show two things: 1) intergenerationa...

As we turn to the New Testament we confront many problems associated with its attitude to slavery. There is no programme for a new social order, as we might have expected: no suggestion that slaves ought to be freed. Indeed, we could be forgiven for believing that throughout the New Testament the institution is bolstered up by the apostolic exhortations to masters and slaves (Eph 6:5-9; Col 3:2...

The Prisoner Dilemma has basically two known type of evolutive answers that allow cooperation among individuals. One proposes cooperation is possible among close relatives. The other is a strategy on when to cooperate and when not to, according to the actions of the other players. An example of these strategies is playing tit-fortat. This paper proposes a third and completely different solution...