Human monocyte-derived macrophages ingest diamide-treated red blood cells (RBC), anti-D immunoglobulin (Ig)G-opsonized RBC, or Plasmodium falciparum ring-stage parasitized RBC (RPRBC), degrade ingested hemoglobin rapidly, and can repeat the phagocytic cycle. Monocytes fed with trophozoite-parasitized RBC (TPRBC), which contain malarial pigment, or fed with isolated pigment are virtually unable ...

Anemia during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is strongly associated with acute kidney injury in clinical studies; however, reversal of anemia with red blood cell (RBC) transfusions is associated with further renal injury. To understand this paradox, we evaluated the effects of reversal of anemia during CPB with allogenic RBC transfusion in a novel large-animal model of post-cardiac surgery acute ...

The pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on cardiopulmonary function and inflammation are unclear. We developed an experimental model of homologous 14-days stored RBC transfusion in hypovolemic swine to evaluate the short-term effects of transfusion on cardiopulmonary system and inflammation. Sixteen healthy male anesthetized swine (68±3....

The ability of Plasmodium falciparum parasitized RBC (pRBC) to form rosettes with normal RBC is linked to the virulence of the parasite and RBC polymorphisms that weaken rosetting confer protection against severe malaria. The adhesin PfEMP1 mediates the binding and specific antibodies prevent sequestration in the micro-vasculature, as seen in animal models. Here we demonstrate that epitopes tar...

Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) into patients with anti–donor RBC antibodies (crossmatch-incompatible transfusion) can result in lethal antibody-mediated hemolysis. Less well appreciated is the ability of anti-RBC antibodies to specifically remove their target antigen from donor RBCs without compromising cell survival or adversely affecting the transfusion recipient. In an effort to eluci...

• TRALI may be induced by antibodies to HLA or HNA antigens or lipids, which accumulate during storage. • Prestorage experimental filtration of RBCs removes HLA and HNA antibodies, decreases lipid priming activity, and mitigates TRALI in an animal model. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) remains a significant cause of transfusionrelated mortality with red cell transfusion. We hypoth...

BACKGROUND Cerebrovascular thrombosis is a major source of morbidity and mortality after surgery, but thromboprophylaxis in this setting is limited because of the formidable risk of perioperative bleeding. Thrombolytics (eg, tissue-type plasminogen activator [tPA]) cannot be used prophylactically in this high-risk setting because of their short duration of action and risk of causing hemorrhage ...

Blood transfusion saves many lives but carries significant risk of injury. Currently, red blood cell (RBC) concentrates can be stored up to 42 days. Concerns have recently been raised about the safety and efficacy of transfusing stored RBCs. Refrigerated storage results in a 'storage lesion' that is reflected by metabolic derangements, RBC shape modification, rheological changes, oxidative inju...

Many children in low- and middle-income countries may have inadequate intake of vitamin B12 and folate; data confirming these inadequacies are limited. We used biochemical, demographic, behavioral and anthropometric data to describe the folate and vitamin B12 concentrations among six- to 23-month-old Nepalese children. Vitamin B12 (serum B12 < 150 pmol/L) and folate deficiencies (red blood cell...

Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) into patients with anti-donor RBC antibodies (crossmatch-incompatible transfusion) can result in lethal antibody-mediated hemolysis. Less well appreciated is the ability of anti-RBC antibodies to specifically remove their target antigen from donor RBCs without compromising cell survival or adversely affecting the transfusion recipient. In an effort to eluci...