From Vanderbilt Sports Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (K.P.S.); and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes–Jewish Hospital, St. Louis (R.W.W.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Spindler at Vanderbilt Sports Medicine, 4200 Medical Center E., South Tower, 1215 21st Ave. S., Nashville, TN 37232-8774, or at kurt.spindler@ v...

We report two new radiographic projections for evaluating avulsion fractures at the lateral malleolus. We used seven freshly amputated legs with simulated avulsion fractures and radiopaque markers to assess their value. The projections allow accurate assessment of the displacement of fragments without superimposition, and also show whether they affect the anterior talofibular or the calcaneofib...

BACKGROUND The exact anatomical cause of the tear trough remains undefined. This study was performed to identify the anatomical basis for the tear trough deformity. METHODS Forty-eight cadaveric hemifaces were dissected. With the skin over the midcheek intact, the tear trough area was approached through the preseptal space above and prezygomatic space below. The origins of the palpebral and o...

We compared four repair techniques for impaired ankle ligament deltoideum, namely Wiltberger, Deland, Kitaoka and Hintermann using a 3-dimensional finite element. We built an ankle ligament deltoideum model, including six pieces of bone structures, gristles and main ligaments around the ankle. After testing the model, we built an impaired ligament deltoideum model plus four reconstruction model...

The simultaneous diagnosis of ipsilateral patellar tendon rupture and anterior cruciate ligament tear is rare. Surgical repair is complicated by different rehabilitation regimens as well as anterior cruciate ligament graft choices. We present a case where at the same operative setting, the patellar tendon was repaired, and the anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed with autologous hamstring g...

Ankle fractures and fracture dislocations are common injuries in orthopaedic practice however pure ankle dislocation without an associated fracture is extremely rare. There are a few cases reporting such a lesion in the literature. Also this injuries are generally open high energy trauma injuries. Closed treatments are reported to be effective and ligament injuries are generally not reported. I...