Reinfection with influenza A virus was studied by measuring hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody responses to infection in paired sera taken from groups of soldiers and students. Among 62 soldiers severely infected during the first wave of the A/Asian/57 (H2N2) pandemic in 1957, 17 were asymptomatically reinfected with the same virus within six months. In the 1962 epidemic the rate increased to...

Despite the wide availability of antiretroviral drugs, more than 250,000 infants are vertically infected with HIV-1 annually, emphasizing the need for additional interventions to eliminate pediatric HIV-1 infections. Here, we aimed to define humoral immune correlates of risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1, including responses associated with protection in the RV144 vaccine tria...

OBJECTIVES Inflammation has been associated with a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases, but the developmental factors contributing to the regulation of inflammation are poorly understood. This study investigates the within-individual association between antibody response to vaccination in adolescence and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in young adulthood. METHODS In 1998-99, at...

Correction After the publication of our article [1], we noted that the data points for experiment 2 in the lower panel of Figure 1 were incorrect. Statistical analyses and conclusions were not affected by this oversight. We now provide a corrected version of Figure 1 and wish to apologize for any inconvenience our error may have caused.specific CD4+ T-cells increase the antibody response to Env...

The World Health Organization recommends administration of measles vaccine (MV) at age 9 months in low-income countries. We tested the measles virus antibody response at 4.5, 9, 18, and 24 months of age for children randomly assigned to receive standard-titer Edmonston-Zagreb MV at 4.5 and 9 months, at 9 months, or at 9 and 18 months of age. At 4.5 months of age, 75% had nonprotective measles v...

Mice infected neonatally with homogenates from lymphomas induced by the Moloney virus showed a deficient or delayed antibody response, measured by the indirect fluorescent antibody test against Moloney lymphoma target cells in com parison with mice in.fected as adults. In neonatally infected mice there was a corre lation between the development of antibodies and the length of the preleukemic la...

Diphtheria toxoid-antitoxin precipitates formed in antitoxin excess can prepare guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits for a secondary type of antitoxin response. Priming may occur without the development of detectable serum antibody. In rats, toxoid-antitoxin precipitates are more efficient than "free" toxoid in priming, whereas in guinea pigs, the magnitude of the anamnestic response varies with the ...

We have used affinity columns to isolate from the spleens of unimmunized mice a population of lymphocytes that specifically bind a lactoside hapten. These cells are able to initiate an antibody response to azophenyl-beta-lactoside when transferred to appropriate irradiated recipients.