[1] We use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to interpret observations of tropospheric ozone from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) satellite instrument in summer 2005. Observations from TES reveal elevated ozone in the middle troposphere (500–400 hPa) across North Africa and the Middle East. Observed ozone abundances in the middle troposphere are at a maximum in summer and a mi...

Abstract Long-lived anticyclonic eddies (ACs) have been repeatedly observed over several North Atlantic basins characterized by bowl-like topographic depressions. Motivated these previous findings, the authors conduct numerical simulations of spindown initialized in idealized bowls. In experiments with one or two isopycnal layers, it is found that a bowl-trapped AC an emergent circulation patte...

Abstract This article examines the annual and seasonal (winter summer) changes in frequency of occurrence main types synoptic processes Lower Volga region two natural climatic periods state earth system - stabilization period second wave global warming. The some revealed both differences. In warming, comparison with period, cyclone impact on developed Arctic front number anticyclones increase, ...

Abstract Synoptic anticyclones are a common feature of subtropical and midlatitude climate associated with descending air clear conditions, while anticyclonic circulation anomalies can contribute to temperature extremes. When tracked in both the ERA5 reanalysis 10 global models from 5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) using grid, CMIP5 consistently underestimate observed frequency...