BACKGROUND American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a complicated disease producing about 67.000 new cases per year. The severity of the disease depends on the parasite species; however in the vast majority of cases species confirmation is not feasible. WHO suggestion for ACL produced by Leishmania braziliensis, as first line treatment, are pentavalent antimonial derivatives (Glucantime or Sod...

Antimonial-containing drugs are the first line of treatment against Leishmaniasis. Resistance to antimonials in Leishmania is proposed to be due to reduced uptake of trivalent antimony (SbIII) through the aquaglyceroporin (AQP1). We investigated the uptake of SbIII and involvement of aquaglyceroporin in developing antimony resistance phenotype in Leishmania donovani clinical isolates. SbIII acc...

Growth inhibition in vitro tests were used to study the susceptibility to pentostam of different Leishmania strains involved in cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis--one glucantime sensitive strain, three naturally glucantime resistant strains and one glucantime resistant line developed by in vitro drug exposure. Contrasting with the high degree of glucantime resistance, all strains were s...

to the preparation of triaryl-stibiues. Later, Grignard's reaction gave rise to the preparation of triphenvl-stibamines. Most of the present development of the organic-antimony derivatives, however, is due to the work done by Chemische, Fabrik Von Heyden who discovered the process of introducing into the aromatic nucleus the antimonial group through the agency of the diazoreaction. Great impetu...

Sharon Rose Aragão Macedo , Larissa Deadame de Figueiredo Nicolete , Amália dos Santos Ferreira , Neuza Biguinati de Barros , Roberto Nicolete ⁎ a Laboratório de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz Rondônia), BR-364, Km 3,5, 76812-245 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental (PGBioexp), Universidade Federal de Rondônia, BR-364, Km 9...

Previously, through a proteomic analysis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was found to be overexpressed in the sodium antimony gluconate (SAG)-resistant clinical isolate compared to that in the SAG-sensitive clinical isolate of Leishmania donovani. The present study was designed to explore the potential role of the PCNA protein in SAG resistance in L. donovani. For this purpose, the p...

prevail. Was bled immediately to thirty ounces, and a brisk cathartic afterwards given. 12th. Experienced temporary relief from the bloodletting; blood cupped, with a firm crassamentum. Cathartic operated well. Dyspnoea troublesome. Bloodletting to be repeated, and antimonial medicines to be given in the afternoon. 13th. Blood abstracted yesterday (20 ounces), exhibited inflammatory buff in a h...

Control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is being challenged by the emergence of natural resistance against the first line of treatment, pentavalent antimonials [Sb(V)]. An insight into the mechanism of natural Sb(V) resistance is required for the development of efficient strategies to monitor the emergence and spreading of Sb(V) resistance in countries where VL is endemic. In this work, we have ...