Beta adrenergic receptor antagonists and antiemetic muscarinic receptor antagonists are useful for mental health in primary care and family medicine settings, as they provide favorable risk/benefit profiles, and especially so relative to benzodiazepines. Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol) prescribed off-label have been known for decades to provide some, albeit limited, anxiolytic benefit for pat...

STATEMENT OF NEED Although most primary care physicians recognize broad-spectrum mood and anxiety disorders, many do not make a distinct diagnosis. Thus, educational issues for primary care audiences may include symptom recognition and the diagnosis of various anxiety disorders, as well as the differentiation and selection of anxiolytic agents. This activity addresses current concepts in the tr...

The advent of computers into the Cooperative Extension System (CFS) has created a state in agents’ lives that has been termed “computer anxiety.’ Oetting (1983) defined computer anxiety as “the anxiety that people feel they will experience when they are interacting with computers-the anxiety associated with the concept of computers” (p. 1). Maurer and Simonson (1984) had a similar definition, “...

Preoperative anxiety is a prevalent concern with deleterious effects in patient recovery and is not routinely assessed in the preoperative screening process. When it is assessed, it may prompt an increase in the use of anesthetic agents, heightened postoperative pain, and prolonged hospitalization. Preoperative women with breast cancer face anxiety as it relates to anesthesia, surgery, and reco...

Anxiety disorders are a major public health concern. Here, we examine the familiar area of anxiolysis in the context of a systems-level understanding that will hopefully lead to revealing an underlying pharmacological connectome. The introduction of benzodiazepines nearly half a century ago markedly improved the treatment of anxiety disorders. These agents reduce anxiety rapidly by allosterical...

Antidepressant medications have eased the suffering of millions of people. In addition to treating depression, antidepressant drugs also treat several anxiety disorders. Unfortunately, there are problematic limitations with antidepressant agents, including a delayed therapeutic response and insufficient efficacy. Emerging evidence shows that atypical antipsychotic agents can be used as augmenta...

social anxiety disorder (sad) is the one of the most common anxiety disorders. despite its high prevalence, the disorder is still considerably undiagnosed and untreated. the disease places a massive burden on patient’s lives, affecting not only their social interactions but also their educational and professional activities, thereby constituting a severe disability. γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) s...

We explored the association between users’’ social anxiety and the interactional fidelity of an agent (also referred to as a virtual human), specifically addressing whether the contingency of agents’’ nonverbal feedback affects the relationship between users’’ social anxiety and their feelings of rapport, performance, or judgment on interaction partners. This subject was examined across four ex...

The 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation model is used to provoke acute anxiety, for example to investigate the effects of anxiety on cognitive processes, or the efficacy of novel anxiolytic agents. However, little is known about the relationship of baseline anxiety sensitivity or trait anxiety (i.e., anxiety proneness), with an individual's response to the 7.5% CO2 challenge. We examined data ...