since the beginning of the arab spring, scholars in different fields around the world have studied it, exploiting various approaches. one of these approaches is the cultural change in which survival and self-expression values are analysed. this approach is discussed in the present paper. given that collective actions in every country are in line with its cultural values and cultural changes, th...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of social networking sites’ (SNSs) characteristics on Egyptians’ perception and attitude towards the 25/30 uprisings, also known as the “Arab Spring”. Data were obtained from 422 Egyptian university students using SNS by means of questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the research hypotheses. The study results i...

One of the characteristics of the modern international systems is the undeniable role the new communication technologies play in different sections of human societies. Modern communication technologies such as satellites and computers have challenged the national authority and sovereignty of Vestfallian states.  Although national states, specially, in the third world countries, extremely resist...