Several researchers have studied the relationship between poverty and environmental degradation, as these concerns are remained at top priority in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, symmetric asymmetric impact of income inequality along with population economic growth on carbon emissions (CO 2 e) has not been case Pakistan. For this purpose, short long-run poverty, inequal...

Article history: The study investigates the impact of trade openness on economic growth in the long run. We apply the ARDL Accepted 28 July 2012 bounds testing approach to test for a long run relationship and the augmented production function by incorporating financial development as an additional determinant of economic growth using the framework of

This thesis explores the kinematics and control issues associated with an approach to manipulation that employs all of the available surfaces of a robot to interact with the workspace. This thesis explores manipulations of this type which we term whole-arm manipulation (Wi\.LVI). A classification of WAM tasks into pushing, searching, enclosure, and exclusion is presented and examples of each ar...

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact exports, renewable energy, and industrialization on ecological footprint (EF) India over period spanning from 1970–2017 by employing newly developed augmented ARDL (A-ARDL) co-integration approach novel dynamic (D-ARDL) technique. empirical results demonstrate that exports energy consumption reduce EF, while intensifies EF. More precisely...

Abstract The paper examines the long-run relationship between poverty reduction, economic growth, and tourism development in Kazakhstan during period of 2001–2017. We expand basic model by including other determinants such as inequality, unemployment, spending on health. use Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to test co-integration variables, ARDL bound is less restrictive provides ...

This study aimed to determine the threshold level of public external debt-to-GDP ratio for Guinea and compared it with current evolution debt. The authors used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach test hypothesis long-term relationship among variables interest data ranged from 1990 2018. results revealed that External per capita GDP are positively related. Moreover, null no co-inte...

The study aimed to ascertain the major determinants of private investment in country over period 1980-2017. ARDL approach was adopted and it revealed that investment, real gross domestic product, public effective exchange rate, inflation rate credit sector are co-integrated. Real GDP had direct effect on long-run short-run; while negative impact. In short-run, positive investment. overall impli...

External debt service is major variable in economic growth and public debate. However, this often ignored literature. This study investigated the relationship between external Nigeria from 1981 to 2020. A quantitative research approach was adopted for study. The method estimation Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model. ARDL bound test results showed there co-integration. speed of change ...

The purpose of the present study is to examine the dynamic long run and the short run relationship between stock price and a set of macroeconomic variables for Indian economy using monthly data from April 2004 to July 2014. The long run relationship is examined by implementing the ARDL bounds testing approach to co-integration. VECM method is used to test the short and long run causality and Va...