Text-to-Speech synthesis in Indian languages has a seen lot of progress over the decade partly due to the annual Blizzard challenges. These systems assume the text to be written in Devanagari or Dravidian scripts which are nearly phonemic orthography scripts. However, the most common form of computer interaction among Indians is ASCII written transliterated text. Such text is generally noisy wi...

There are a number of circumstances in which an escape mechanism is needed in conjunction with a protocol to encode characters that cannot be represented or transmitted directly. With ASCII coding, the traditional escape has been either the decimal or hexadecimal numeric value of the character, written in a variety of different ways. The move to Unicode, where characters occupy two or more octe...

Until now, there has been no standard method for domain names to use characters outside the ASCII repertoire. This document defines internationalized domain names (IDNs) and a mechanism called IDNA for handling them in a standard fashion. IDNs use characters drawn from a large repertoire (Unicode), but IDNA allows the non-ASCII characters to be represented using only the ASCII characters alread...

This paper presents a novel hybrid DNA encryption (HyDEn) approach that uses randomized assignments of unique error-correcting DNA Hamming code words for single characters in the extended ASCII set. HyDEn relies on custom-built quaternary codes and a private key used in the randomized assignment of code words and the cyclic permutations applied on the encoded message. Along with its ability to ...

The NLP SPECIALIST Lexicon and Lexical Tools, distributed by National Library of Medicine (NLM), have been released in Unicode (UTF-8) format since 2006. Lexicon is used as corpus while Lexical Tools are used as software packages in NLP (Natural Language Processing) projects. Some NLP projects still only deal with ASCII (7-bit) characters. This paper describes how to convert UTF-8 Lexicon and i...

Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Introduction This document describes the encoding used in electronic mail [RFC822] and network news [RFC1036] messages in several Japanese networks. It was first specified by and used in JUNET [JUNET]. The encoding is now also widely us...

A lot of current e-mail systems are ASCII text-based, e.g. the e-mail system in Internet. In the coming era of multimedia, e-mails will be composed of other non-text-based information. This paper presents an evolution approach to enhance the capabilities of the current text-based e-mail systems. Using the proposed approach, an adapter is added to the top of the current system. As a result, mult...