The subjects of the study were 418 highly successful female athletes and 512 female non-athletes drawn from all over Nigeria. Recall procedures were used to ascertain the age at menarche. The study gave the following results: In general, over-all mean menarcheal age of athletes (14.13 years) was significantly higher (p less than .05) than that of non-athletes (13.57 years). Menarche was signifi...

Elite young athletes have to cope with multiple psychological demands such as training volume, mental and physical fatigue, spatial separation of family and friends or time management problems may lead to reduced mental and physical recovery. While normative data regarding symptoms of anxiety and depression for the general population is available (Hinz and Brähler, 2011), hardly any information...

Background Overhead athletes are at a greater risk of developing scapular dyskinesis (SD). Although swimming is considered an overhead sport, information regarding SD in these athletes is scarce. Purpose To determine the prevalence of SD in young, asymptomatic elite swimmers. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods A total of 661 asymptomatic elite swimmers were ...

This study was an examination of the longitudinal relationship between burnout and depressive symptoms among Japanese athletes at three time periods. The participants were 143 university (89 males, 54 females, mean age = 19.83 years, SD 1.03 years) who completed Burnout Scale for University Athletes (BOSA) Kessler Psychological Distress (K-10) results indicated that number with moderate to seve...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) enables non-invasive quantification of cardiac output (CO) and thereby cardiac index (CI, CO indexed to body surface area). The aim of this study was to establish if CI decreases with age and compare the values to CI for athletes and for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS CI was measured in 144 healthy volunteers (39 ± 16 y...

OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that physically active people with spinal cord injury do not have increased subclinical atherosclerosis compared with an age-matched able-bodied group. METHODS Subjects comprised 28 wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injury (mean age 22 (standard deviation (SD) 3) years) and 24 recreationally active aged-matched able-bodied control participants (mean age 2...

BACKGROUND Calcific deposits in tendon, muscles, and periarticular areas are very common. Heterotopic ossification of the rectus femoris (HORF) is a rare condition, and several theories exist regarding the etiopathogenesis, which appears to be multifactorial with traumatic, genetic, and local metabolic factors involved. Although HORF typically responds to nonoperative treatment, when this appro...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cardiomyopathy and channelopathy are major causes of sudden death (SD). The little information available on the context in which SD occurs has come from only a few referral centers. The objective was to investigate the circumstances surrounding SD in families with inherited heart disease. METHODS The study included 152 SD patients (mean age 43+/-19 years) from 103 ...